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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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近50年长三角地区水系时空变化及其驱动机制
DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201505012, PP. 819-827
Keywords: 水系结构,时空变化,城市化,长三角地区
Abstract:
基于1960s、1980s以及2010s三期15万地形图中水系数据,选取河网密度（Dd）、水面率（WSR）、干流面积长度比（R）、支流发育系数（K）和盒维数（D）,探讨了长江三角洲地区水系近50年的时空格局及变化特征,并分析了城市化对水系结构的影响。结果表明①近50年来,长三角水系河网密度、水面率数量特征呈下降趋势,其中武澄锡虞、杭嘉湖和鄞东南地区河网密度减少近20%;结构特征发生变化,秦淮河流域干流面积长度比增加显著,杭嘉湖地区支流发育系数衰减达46.8%;河网复杂度衰退,武澄锡虞和杭嘉湖地区的盒维数衰减分别达7.8%和6.5%。②城市化影响水系的空间分布,高度城市化地区河网密度、水面率、支流发育系数以及盒维数最低。③城市化深刻改变着水系的演化过程。1960s-2010s期间,高度城市化地区的河网密度、水面率衰减剧烈达27.2%和19.3%,河网主干化趋势加剧,河网复杂度下降4.91%。1980s-2010s期间,低度城市化地区支流衰减达53.3%,河网密度大幅下降14.6%。④城镇用地的扩张、水利工程的修建和农田水利活动是改变长三角水系的主要方式。
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