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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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北京城市休闲商务区的时空分布特征与成因
DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201508003, PP. 1215-1228
Keywords: 城市RBD,时空格局,分布特征,成因,北京
Abstract:
城市休闲商务区（RecreationalBusinessDistrict,RBD）作为城市重要的游憩空间,为外来游客和城市居民提供休闲消费的场所,逐渐受到学界和业界重视。目前大多数研究还停留在概念层面,在分类、空间结构、分布规律、分异成因等方面上还缺乏一定的实证和定量研究。结合前人研究经验,重新定义RBD,并依据城市RBD的特征和属性将其分为大型购物中心、休闲商业街、城市休闲区三类。选取1990年、2000年、2014年三个时间截面对北京各类城市RBD点进行统计,采用基尼系数、空间插值、核密度分析、地理探测器等方法,结合ArcGIS软件,对北京城市RBD的时空分布特征和成因进行分析,得出以下结论①时序上看,北京城市RBD的数量和规模不断增加,增速变快,不同类型的RBD出现不同幅度的空间扩张;②北京城市RBD的空间集聚程度不断加强,不同类型的RBD,存在一定的增幅和增速差异;③北京城市RBD的整体空间结构呈“单核聚集—双核发展—网状扩散”的发展模式;④城市RBD多选址在交通便利、临近旅游景区、居民和游客密度较高、地价相对较高的地区。⑤游客密度对各类型的城市RBD规模均有较大影响;对于不同类型的城市RBD,各因素对其规模的影响也有所不同。
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| [26] | ZhuHe,LiuJiaming,LiLe,etal.Researchprogressonurbanrecreationalbusinessdistrict(RBD)inChina,ProgressinGeography,2014,33(11):1474-1485.原文[朱鹤,刘家明,李玏,等.中国城市休闲商业街区研究进展.地理科学进展,2014,33(11):1474-1485.]随着人们闲暇时间和收入的增长,休闲旅游不断发展,而城市休闲商业街区(RBD)作为城市旅游的重要游憩空间,受到普遍关注。城市RBD是传统商业与旅游业的融合,对于城市旅游业的发展、经济转型、城市形象的提升具有重要意义。本文以知网检索到的与RBD相关的246篇文献为基础,以论文年发表数量和增长率作为主要的评价依据,首先分析国内RBD研究进程,将其分为起步发展、快速发展、巩固发展3个阶段,从研究主题、使用方法、研究层次等角度对每个阶段特征进行分析。其次,分析文献内容,对RBD的相关研究方向进行划分,共分为12大类,并从RBD的相关概念与定义、RBD的特征功能与分类、形成机制与过程、空间结构与布局、RBD发展对城市的影响、RBD的旅游形象与游客体验感知、RBD的开发与规划7个方面对国内RBD研究现状进行了综述。最后对RBD的研究中存在的问题进行总结,其中,概念定义的统一、深化案例研究、细化研究方向、提炼理论层次、应用定量化研究方法、建立评价指标体系等都是今后的研究中应加强的环节,并对今后的研究方向和重点进行展望。DOI:10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.09.005原文
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| [31] | LiuYangsui,YangRen.ThespatialcharacteristicsandformationmechanismofthecountyurbanizationinChina.ActaGeographicaSinica,2012,67(8):1011-1020.ThespatialandtemporalcharacteristicsandtheformationmechanismofthecountyurbanizationinChinasince1990wereanalyzedsystematically,usingthemethodsincludingregionaldifferences,transectandgeographydetectors.Resultsshowthatthetemporalandspatialdifferencesofthecountyurbanizationweresignificant.The"herringbone"shaperegionpatternofhighcountyurbanizationwasgraduallyhighlighted,whichweremadebythecountiesalongthenorthborderandineasterncoastalareas.Thecountyurbanizationprocessofsomeregionswereacceleratedandenhanced,includingWuhanmetropolitanregion,Chengdu-ChongqingregionandGuanzhong-Tianshuiregion.ThelowcountyurbanizationlevelwasmaintainedinSouthwestChinaandQinghai-TibetPlateauregions.ThedifferencesofurbanizationandthechangerateofcountyurbanizationwereconvergedinChinaafter2000,buttheratehassloweddownsince2000.Thecountyurbanizationtrendoftransectsweresignificantlydifferent,includingLianyungang-LanzhourailwayandLanzhou-Urumqirailwaytransects,theYangtzeRivertransect,theborderofnorthChinatransect,106NationalRoadtransect,andtheeasterncoastaltransect.Therearemanyfactorsaffectingcountyurbanization,mainlyincludingeconomicdevelopmentstage,thelevelofsecondaryandtertiaryindustries,ruralnetincomepercapita,populationdensity,leadingpositionofgrainproduction,demographicstatisticsandspecialarrangementsforcounties.Thehighcountyurbanizationinnorthernborderregionswasatypicaltypeofstatisticalunrealisticallyhighurbanization.Inthefuturecountyurbanizationdevelopmentshouldfollowthegeographicaldifferences,highlightitsleadingfunction,andadoptmultipleurbanizationdevelopmentmodelssuchaspromotingurbanizationintensivelyinkeyurbaneconomicdevelopmentareas,separatingurbanizationincroplandandgrainproducingareas,migratingurbanizationinecologicalandwaterresourceprotectionareas,suburbanareasandurban-basedurbanizationandotherleadingcountyurbanizationpatterns.DOI:10.11821/xb201208001原文[刘彦随,杨忍.中国县域城镇化的空间特征与形成机理.地理学报.2012,67(8):1011-1020.]本文综合运用样带、地统计、地理探测器等多种研究方法,分析了1990年以来中国县域城镇化的时空特征及形成机理.研究表明:①中国县域城镇化水平时空动态的差异特征显著,北方边境县域高城镇化和东部沿海县域高城镇化形成的“人字形”空间形态逐渐凸显;以武汉都市圈为中心的两湖地区、成渝地区、关中—天水经济区的县域城镇化水平提升较快,西南地区、青藏高原地区保持较低的城镇化水平;②2000年以来中国县域城镇化水平及其变化速度的区域差异逐渐缩小,陇海兰新线、长江沿线、北方边境、106国道、东部沿海样带县域城镇化差异明显;县域经济发展阶段、固定资产投资、离中心城市距离、二三产业水平、农民人均纯收入、人口密度是影响县域城镇化空间分异的主要因素,同时粮食生产主导定位、非农业人口统计口径、城镇设置标准等因素也影响县域城镇化水平及发展过程.未来城镇化发展应遵循地域差异,凸显主导功能,推进优化与重点发展区的集约型城镇化、耕地与粮食主产区的分流型城镇化、生态与水源保护区的迁移型城镇化,以及园区与城镇近郊区的融入型城镇化,实现城乡土地资源集约利用,促进城镇化进程中人—地—业耦合与协调发展.DOI:10.11821/xb201208001原文
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| [32] | DingYue,CaiJianming,RenZhoupeng,etal.SpatialdisparitiesofeconomicgrowthrateofChina'snational-levelETDZsandtheirdeterminantsbasedongeographicaldetectoranalysis.ProgressinGeography,2014,33(5):657-666.原文[丁悦,蔡建明,任周鹏,等.基于地理探测器的国家级经济技术开发区经济增长率空间分异及影响因素.地理科学进展,2014,33(5):657-666.]建设国家级经济技术开发区(经开区)是中国扩大对外开放和促进区域发展的重要政策.历经30年多发展,国家级经开区已遍布全国,其个体间的发展差异也由于不同的动力机制而日趋显著.认识和探讨国家级经开区经济增长率的空间分异及其核心影响因素,对因地制宜制定发展策略、引导开发区高效发展具有重要意义.运用变异系数和地理探测器方法,分析2010年国家级经开区经济增长率的空间分异,并探测了其核心影响因素.结果表明:①总体上,国家级经开区经济增长率在东中西三大区差异显著,呈现出高低高的U型格局;②个体上,国家级经开区经济增长率在三大区内部存在不同分异特征,其中西部分异度最大、东部次之、中部最小;③探测因子决定力显示,主导三大地区国家级经开区经济增长率的核心要素明显不同;在所选出的5大核心影响因素中,中西东三大区呈现出由开发区内在因子主导向城市和区域性外在因子主导的转变趋势;④国家级经开区经济增长率及核心影响因素在三大区间的分异特征,一定程度上反映了开发区生命周期阶段性的演变规律.由此建议:近期内,中西部国家级经开区仍应聚焦于改进其自身发展要素;而从长远看,城市性和区域性的外部因子对经开区的影响将变得日益重要,亦即是经开区的未来发展将越来越依赖于与其所在城市和区域的有效融合.DOI:10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.05.007原文
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| [33] | LiLing,GuShuzhong,HuKelin.SpatialanalysismethodformetropolitanlandpriceanditsapplicationinBeijing.ResourcesScience,2003,25(4):85-92.Remiseelandpricesofmetropolisescanbedividedintoresidential,commercial,industrialandcomplexremiselandpricesaccordingtothepurposesoflanduse.Thecommonlyusedspatialinterpolationmethodsincludesurfacetrendanalysismethod,triangulatedirregularnetworkmethod(TIN),inversedistanceweightingmethod(IDW)andordinaryKrigingmethod(OK).ThepaperadoptedtheBestLinearUnbiasedEstimatormethod(Krigingmethod)toanalyzethespatialcharacterofthefourkindsaboveinBeijing.TheresultsshowedthatthelevelofresidentialremisedlandpricewashigherininnerandnorthernpartandlowerinouterandsouthernpartofBeijingandthetrendofsuburbwassignificant.Forthelevelofcompositiveremisedlandprice,thehighpricewasmainlyconcentratedintheZhongGuanCunHighTechZonewhilethemediumlevelofpricewasmainlyinWangFuJing,DongDanCommercialZonesandBeijingBankingZone.Asforthelevelofcommercialremisedlandprice,thegeneraltrendwasthatpriceinthenorthernpartwashigherthanthatofinthesouthernpartofBeijing,andthelandpricemainlytiltedtowardnorthernandeasternpartandthehighlevelcommercialremiselandpricewasmainlyconcentratedintheolddowntownareas,whichrepresentedtheconvexpatternofspatialdistribution.Themediumlevelofpricewasmainlyaffectedbythenewlyemergedcommercialcentersanddisplayedclusterpatternofdistribution.Forindustrialremisedlandprice,thehighlevelofpricewasmainlyconcentratedinHaiDianDistrictwhereasthemediumlevellandpriceshowedmultiplesubcentralpatternofdistribution.Thestudyfoundthatstochasticfactorshavelittleeffectsonthelayoutvarianceoflandprices.Italsofoundthatthereareremarkableneighboringinteractionsbetweeneachtypeoflandprices,andtheeffectivedistanceofneighboringinteractionsrangefrom779kmto4703km.Thefindingshavegreatvaluesinguidingrealestateinvestmentsandoptimizinglayoutsofdevelopmentprojects.CNKI[李玲,谷树忠,胡克林.都市地价空间分析方法及其应用:以北京市为例.资源科学,2003,25(4):85-92.]CNKI
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