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利用GHZ态实现可控的量子秘密共享

DOI: 10.13190/jbupt.200801.9.066, PP. 9-13

Keywords: 量子密码学,量子秘密共享,Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态,Hadamard门

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Abstract:

提出了一种利用Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ)态实现秘密重建时机可控的量子秘密共享方案.该方案充分利用了GHZ态3个粒子间的相关性和Hadamard门的特殊性质,通过让Bob和Charlie共享GHZ态共享联合密钥,并使用Hadamard门保证了协议的可控和安全.方案中,平均消耗1个GHZ态可以共享3bit经典信息.由于所有量子态的传输都是单向的,且除去用于检测窃听的粒子外其他均用于有效传输密钥,所以量子比特效率理论上接近100%.

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