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测绘学报  2015 

车载移动测图系统外方位元素标定方法

DOI: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2015.20130203, PP. 52-58

Keywords: 全景相机,移动测图系统,外方位元素标定,定位定姿系统,全景球面模型,坐标变换

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Abstract:

全景相机因其360°大视场、旋转不变性等优点,逐渐被用于构建车载移动测图系统.标定是保证系统获取精确地理信息数据的重要前提.本文针对全景相机和定位定姿系统(POS)集成的车载移动测图系统,提出一种外方位元素标定的方法.首先,在实际场景中布设高精度已知控制点.其次,构建全景球面模型,将全景影像通过球面投影反变换投影到该球面上,从球面上选择控制点而不是直接从存在扭曲的全景影像上选择控制点并得到其球面坐标.在建立点的相关性之后,结合地理参考绝对定位方程和坐标变换,求得全景相机相对POS的平移与旋转参数.最后,采用本文提出的标定方法,分别选择北京航天城和天津滨海新区进行试验.试验表明,GPS信号良好时,点的绝对定位中误差可达平面10.3cm、高程16.5cm;GPS信号不好时,点的绝对定位中误差为平面35.4cm、高程54.8cm;在较短距离范围内(<3km),距离量测相对误差最大为5cm左右,GPS信号对相对量测没有明显影响.

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