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沉积学报  2015 

川南先锋地区二叠系—三叠系界线附近碳酸盐微相及沉积演化

DOI: 10.14027/j.cnki.cjxb.2015.05.003, PP. 865-877

Keywords: 微生物岩,沉积微相,二叠系-三叠系界线,沉积序列,四川南部

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Abstract:

根据川南先锋地区二叠系-三叠系界线地层的沉积特征,结合钻孔岩相及其组合特征,识别出等斜碳酸盐缓坡和局限台地2种沉积相,包括高能生屑浅滩、内缓坡、潮间带等7种亚相。同时采用微相分析的方法,对碳酸盐岩的生物组合、颗粒成分以及支撑类型等微相特征进行了研究,将界线地层沉积归纳为14种微相类型,并由此建立了该时期的沉积相序及其演化。研究区产出一层微生物岩,显微镜观察显示微生物岩主要是叠层石;在它们内部发现了大量的蓝藻球粒、钙化鞘和微亮晶包覆层等微生物成因的显微组构。对ZK1501孔所采集的0.58mK9灰岩岩芯连续磨片后进行生物组合分析,在距底6cm地层中发现了丰富的三叶虫、腹足类和叶枝藻化石,其上出现小型化的介形虫(小于200μm),表明二叠纪末期生物主灭绝界线应位于飞仙关组底面之上6cm处,而二叠系-三叠系界线应位于小型化介形虫层的中下部。

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