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沉积学报  2015 

烃源岩中单甲基烷烃化合物分析与鉴定

DOI: 10.14027/j.cnki.cjxb.2015.05.019, PP. 1033-1042

Keywords: 单甲基烷烃(MMAs),烃源岩,特征离子,科瓦茨指数,同形性因子

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Abstract:

对鄂尔多斯盆地中生界三叠系延长组烃源岩饱和烃进行了GC-MS分析。在吴56井长8烃源岩样品中检出碳数为C12~C31的单甲基烷烃(MMAs)系列化合物,由甲基位置为C2至中间碳原子的不同异构体组成,其出峰位置在同碳数正构烷烃之前;甲基取代基为C2和C3的MMAs相对丰度最高,C4以上甲基烷烃相对丰度较低。根据单甲基烷烃质谱图的离子碎片特征和化学键重组方式,并结合保留时间,以C22单甲基烷烃系列化合物为例,对甲基位置不同的单甲基烷烃系列化合物进行了鉴定,结果表明C22单甲基烷烃的甲基位置为C2~C11;其质谱图与同碳数正构烷烃相似,质谱图基峰仍为m/z57或m/z71,并呈现出按碳数增长(CnH2n+1)规律相对丰度降低的特征,有明显的分子离子峰(M+)和M+-15质量碎片;与正构烷烃相比,甲基取代基在C5以上位置时,C22单甲基烷烃质谱图中存在m/z126、140、154…CnH2n等偶数离子特征碎片,被认为是鉴定单甲基烷烃的重要依据。据此,总结了单甲基烷烃系列化合物特征离子表,并利用特征离子的质量色谱图的反褶积来确定气相色谱中未被分离的单甲基烷烃的保留时间,进一步利用Kovats指数和同形性因子(Hp)对单甲基烷烃进行鉴定和预测。

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