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沉积学报  2015 

内蒙古阿拉善北部杭乌拉地区圆包山组时代、沉积特征及大地构造意义

DOI: 10.14027/j.cnki.cjxb.2015.04.005, PP. 665-678

Keywords: 阿拉善,西伯利亚板块,圆包山组,沉积序列,地球化学,大地构造

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Abstract:

通过阿拉善北部杭乌拉地区圆包山组碎屑锆石峰值年龄(420±3Ma和419.6±3.6Ma)以及圆包山组底部层位发育的笔石、头足类化石,认为圆包山组形成时代并非早志留世,而是泥盆纪.圆包山组中发育的大量沉积构造及其岩性特征,表明了圆包山组为典型的半深海—深海浊积岩沉积,但鲍马序列发育不完整,主要有AE、ABE、ADE和ABDE等序列组合,并划分了内扇、中扇和外扇三个沉积亚相.研究区位于阿拉善地区北部,属于西伯利亚板块南缘部分,是研究古亚洲洋闭合时间的关键部位.早古生代硅质岩岩石特征表明,研究区在早古生代处于一个被动大陆边缘的稳定大地构造背景.自晚古生代开始,研究区的大地构造活动性开始增强,逐渐由被动大陆边缘转变为活动大陆边缘,并形成了巨厚的浊积岩.根据浊积岩中槽模、沟模等沉积构造确定了物源区为研究区北部的西伯利亚板块,并根据浊积岩岩性、沉积特征以及砂岩地球化学特征的研究,认为研究区晚古生代早期的浊积岩形成于西伯利亚板块南缘的活动大陆边缘,并同时受岛弧作用的影响,导致浊积岩具有岛弧物源区属性.结合圆包山组中碎屑锆石特征及其年龄可以进一步确定圆包山组物源区位于研究区北部Gobi-Altai构造带.

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