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草地学报  2014 

水稻秸秆青贮饲料中可培养微生物多样性分析及优势乳酸菌的分离鉴定

DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2014.03.022, PP. 586-592

Keywords: 水稻秸秆青贮,腐败菌,乳酸菌,分离鉴定

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Abstract:

为探究影响水稻(OryzasativaL.)秸秆青贮质量的腐败菌种类并筛选适合其青贮的优质乳酸菌,研究了青贮前后水稻秸秆中可培养微生物的变化并分离鉴定2株乳酸菌。使用稀释平板涂布法将青贮前后可培养微生物计数并分离纯化,限制性酶切分析ARDRA技术分析分离纯化后的微生物多样性,结合ARDRA和RAPD-PCR技术对青贮中优势乳酸菌进行分离鉴定。结果表明青贮前后好氧或兼性厌氧细菌菌落总数由7.6×107cfu·g-1下降到2.43×106cfu·g-1,真菌菌落数变化较为明显,从4.43×105cfu·g-1下降到86cfu·g-1,乳酸菌菌落数从4.16×105cfu·g-1上升到6.61×106cfu·g-1。ARDRA聚类分析及16SrDNA测序显示青贮前存在腐败细菌芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)和致病菌阴沟肠杆菌(Enterobacter),青贮后腐败细菌主要是芽孢杆菌,腐败真菌主要为青霉菌属(Penicillium)。筛选出的2株乳酸菌分别属于乳杆菌属(Lactobacilluscasei)和片球菌属(Pediococcusethanolidurans),需进一步验证是否可作为青贮饲料添加剂。水稻秸秆青贮后依然有腐败菌的存在,需进一步提高其青贮发酵工艺,防治有氧恶化。

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