全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
草地学报  2014 

牦牛放牧模式对西藏高山嵩草草甸群落特征的影响

DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2014.05.004, PP. 935-941

Keywords: 西藏,高山嵩草,牦牛,放牧强度,群落特征

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

利用样方法对西藏高山嵩草(Kobresiapygmaea)草甸群落进行实地调查,分析了2010—2012年不同强度的牦牛放牧试验对植物群落动态和地上生物量的影响,以期为高寒牧区退化草地的恢复及草地高效利用提供理论指导。结果表明适度放牧能提高物种多样性、丰富度、均一度和地上生物量,降低植物群落盖度;重度放牧降低植物群落的多样性和生物量;重度延迟放牧能缓减重度放牧对草地的不良影响;相关分析结果表明,植物群落盖度与均匀度、丰富度、植物密度、多样性和地上生物量成正相关。高山嵩草草甸的功能群随着放牧强度的增加而显著变化,其优势功能群多年生根茎型牧草高山嵩草和苔草(Carexmoorcroftii)、多年生丛生型牧草紫花针茅(Stipapurpurea)的盖度和地上生物量随着放牧强度增加而下降。

References

[1]  Lanta V. Effect of slug grazing on biomass production of a plant community during a short term biodiversity experiment [J]. Acta Oecological,2007,32(2):145-151
[2]  Semmartin M, Garibaldi L A, Chaneton E J. Grazing history effects on above-and below-ground litter decomposition and nutrient cycling in two co-occurring grasses [J]. Plant and Soil,2008,303(1/2):177-189
[3]  Zhao W Y, Li J L, Qi J G. Changes in vegetation diversity and structure in response to heavy grazing pressure in the northern Tianshan Mountains, China [J]. Journal of Arid Environments,2007,68(3):465-479
[4]  Pozo A, Ovalle C, Casado M A, et al. Effects of grazing intensity in grasslands of the espinal of central Chile [J]. Journal of Vegetation Science,2006,17(6):791-798
[5]  Connell J H. Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs [J]. Science,1978,199(4335):1302-1310
[6]  王明君,赵萌莉,崔国文,等. 放牧对草甸草原植被和土壤的影响[J]. 草地学报,2010,18(6):758-762
[7]  Stringham T K, Krueger W C, Shaver P L. State and transition modeling: An ecological process approach [J]. Journal of Range Management,2003,56(2):106-113
[8]  Jones W M, Fraser L H, Curtis P J. Plant community functional shifts in response to livestock grazing in intermountain depressional wetlands in British Columbia, Canada [J]. Biological Conservation,2011,144(1): 511-517
[9]  于格,鲁春霞,谢高地. 青藏高原北缘地区高寒草甸土壤保持功能及其价值的实验研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报,2006,28(4):57-61
[10]  Louhaichi M, Salkini A K, Petersen S L. Effect of small ruminant grazing on the plant community characteristics of semi-arid Mediterranean ecosystems [J]. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,2009,11(6):681-689
[11]  Haynes M A, Fang Z, Waller D M. Grazing impacts on the diversity and composition of alpine rangelands in Northwest Yunnan [J]. Journal of Plant Ecology,2013,6(2):122-130
[12]  董全民,赵新全,马玉寿,等. 放牧强度对高寒混播人工草地群落特征及地上现存量的影响[J]. 草地学报,2012,20(1):10-16
[13]  Gutman M Z, Holzer H, Baram I, et al. Heavy stocking and early-season deferment of grazing on Mediterranean-type grassland [J]. Journal of Range Management,1999,52(6):590-599
[14]  Henkin Z, Ungar E D, Dvash A, et al. Effects of cattle grazing on herbage quality in a herbaceous Mediterranean rangeland [J]. Grass and Forage Science,2011,66(4):516-525
[15]  Cao J, Holden N M, Lü X T, et al. The effect of grazing management on plant species richness on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau [J]. Grass and Forage Science,2011,66(3):333-336
[16]  Shang Z H, Deng B, Ding L M, et al. The effects of three years of fencing enclosure on soil seed banks and the relationship with above-ground vegetation of degraded alpine grasslands of the Tibetan plateau [J]. Plant and Soil,2013,364(1/2):229-244
[17]  Wu G L, Du G Z, Liu Z H, et al. Effect of fencing and grazing on a Kobresia-dominated meadow in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau [J]. Plant and Soil,2009,319(1-2):115-126
[18]  董全民,李青云,马玉寿,等. 牦牛放牧强度对高寒草甸暖季草场植被的影响[J]. 草业科学,2004,21(2):48-53.
[19]  江小蕾,张卫国,杨振宇,等. 不同干扰类型对高寒草甸群落结构和植物多样性的影响[J]. 西北植物学报,2003,23(9):1479-1485
[20]  董全民,马玉寿,李青云,等. 牦牛放牧率对高寒小嵩草草甸植物群落的影响[J]. 中国草地,2004,26(3):24-32.
[21]  Jing, Z B, Cheng J M, Su J S, et al. Changes in plant community composition and soil properties under 3-decade grazing exclusion in semiarid grassland [J]. Ecological Engineering,2014,64:171-178
[22]  董全民,赵新全,马玉寿,等. 牦牛放牧强度对小嵩草草甸两季轮牧草场植物群落数量特征的影响[J]. 生态学杂志,2011,30(10):2233-2239
[23]  高宁宁,陈俊,张鹏莉,等. 放牧对西藏高寒嵩草草甸地上生物量空间分布的影响[J]. 草地学报,2014,22(2):255-260
[24]  Louhaichi M, Ghassali F, Salkini A K, et al. Effect of sheep grazing on rangeland plant communities: Case study of landscape depressions within Syrian arid steppes [J]. Journal of Arid Environments,2012,79(4):101-106
[25]  Gamoun M. Grazing intensity effects on the vegetation in desert rangelands of Southern Tunisia [J]. Journal of Arid Land,2014,6(3):324-333

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133