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天然水及地质样品中磷酸盐氧同位素测试技术及其应用研究综述

, PP. 44-51

Keywords: 磷酸盐,氧同位素,古气候重建,富营养化

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Abstract:

磷酸盐氧同位素在古气候重建和地表水富营养化研究中得到了广泛的应用。本文介绍了自20世纪60年代以来磷酸盐中18O同位素测试的8种方法,并对它们进行了对比和评价,认为最近发展起来的在线高温热解法(HTR-CF-IRMS)和激光技术在我国具有推广应用前景;对使用磷酸盐氧同位素恢复古气候做了详细报道,其优点是P-O键能够抵抗成岩蚀变作用,δ18OPO4值反映了源的同位素组成,在平衡时水和磷酸盐之间的氧同位素分馏值仅仅是温度的函数,可用于计算古气温;大量资料证实,使用磷酸盐氧同位素可以识别河、湖泊和海洋中磷酸盐来源,指示富营养化程度,研究磷酸盐的生物地球化学演变过程,因此在我国应当使用磷酸盐18O、硝酸盐15N和18O同位素组成大力开展富营养化研究;最后提出5点建议,特别是应当加强磷矿开采、矿山排水、尾矿淋滤扩散及生物地球化学作用中磷酸盐氧同位素的研究,从源头阻断污染源。

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