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东帕米尔公格尔山地区第四纪冰川地貌与冰期

, PP. 350-361

Keywords: 公格尔山,冰川地貌,ESR测年,冰期,冰碛丘陵

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Abstract:

?公格尔山是帕米高原最大的现代冰川作用中心,第四纪冰期中冰川有较大规模的扩张,留下了形态较完整的冰川沉积.根据冰碛物的分布与风化程度、冰碛地层的接触关系以及表面黄土或土壤发育状况等,应用ESR测年技术,对该地区的第四纪冰川沉积进行了定年,其年龄分别为(13.1±0.8)~(27.0±2.2),(36.4±3.3)~(48.7±5.7),(65.6±6.8)~(86.6±8.9)与(105.6±9.4)~(178.3±17.8)ka.应用地貌地层学原理并结合已有的研究资料,确认公格尔山地区至少经历了6次规模较大的冰进,可分别对应于小冰期、新冰期、MIS2、MIS3中期、MIS4和MIS6.本区末次冰期最盛期发生在末次冰期早冰阶(MIS4)而不是末次冰期晚冰阶(MIS2),且末次冰期间冰阶(MIS3)中期的冰进幅度比MIS2时大.西坡由于特殊地形与急剧气候变化的影响,山麓地带广泛分布的冰碛丘陵可能是多次冰进沉积的产物,而最近一次广泛冰川覆盖山麓地带形成冰碛丘陵的时代对应于MIS3中期.此外,西坡3500m以下风化较深的冰碛可能代表一次更老的冰川作用,与毗邻的慕士塔格山地区第四纪冰川演化序列进行对照,其时代可能代老于倒数第二次冰期.在北坡,老于倒数第二次冰期的冰碛地形因后期的侵蚀破坏而未能得以很好的保存,仅在盖孜检查站西南更高的陡峻位置保存有相应的疑似冰碛残留.

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