全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

基于探地雷达的树木根径估算模型及根生物量估算新方法

, PP. 243-252

Keywords: 探地雷达,树木根系,根生物量,根径

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

?根系是植物的重要组成部分,根系研究对于植物、土壤以及生态系统研究的重要意义不容忽视.植物根系的传统探测方法不仅耗时费力而且会破坏根系原生环境.因此寻求一种无损性的植物根系探测技术尤为重要.探地雷达作为一种无损性探测方法,在根系参数估算方面具有巨大潜力.利用探地雷达2GHz频率天线在根径估测方面的优势,提出一个可实际应用的粗根生物量估算新方法,即:首先通过采集少量的根样本测得平均根密度;通过探地雷达野外测量实验建立基于探地雷达波形信号的根径估测模型对根径进行估测;基于根圆柱体(短根)或长锥体(长根)假设,通过估测的根径计算出根体积;最后利用根密度和根体积计算得到根生物量.得到主要结论如下:(1)直径大于0.5cm的粗根密度相对稳定;(2)从2GHz频率天线的探测数据中提取出的波形参数ΔT与根的深度无关,据此可建立精度较高的根径估测模型;(3)基于根密度和根体积可直接估算粗根生物量,无论粗短根或粗长根,新方法均能达到较高估算精度.上述结果验证了所建立的GPR根径估测模型和根生物量估算方法的合理性和有效性.

References

[1]  1 Weisel Y, Eshel A, Kafkafi U. Plant Roots: The Hidden Half. 3rd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker Press, 2002. 15-32
[2]  2 Dixon R K, Brown S, Houghton R A, et al. Carbon pools and flux of global forest ecosystems. Science, 1994, 263: 185-190??
[3]  3 Jackson R B, Canadell J, Ehleringer J R, et al. A global analysis of root distributions for terrestrial biomass. Oecologia, 1996, 108: 389-411??
[4]  4 Gregory P J, Hutchison D J, Read D B, et al. Non-invasive imaging of roots with high-resolution X-ray micro-tomography. Plant Soil, 2003, 187: 221-228
[5]  5 Stover D B, Day F P, Butnor J R, et al. Effect of elevated Co2 on coarse-root biomass in Florida scrub detected by ground-penetrating radar. Ecology, 2007, 88: 1328-1334??
[6]  6 Mulkey S S, Chazdon R L, Smith A P, et al. Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology. New York: Chapman and Hall Press, 1996. 268-300
[7]  7 Brunner I, Godbold D L. Tree roots in a changing world. J For Res, 2007, 12: 78-82??
[8]  8 Persson H. Spatial distribution of fine root growth, mortality and decomposition in a young scots pine stand in central Sweden. Oikos, 1980, 34: 77-87 ??
[9]  9 Norby R J, Jackson R B. Root dynamics and global change: Seeking an ecosystem perspective. New Phytol, 2000, 147: 3-12??
[10]  10 Pierret A, Moran C J, Doussan C. Conventional detection methodology is limiting our ability to understand the roles and functions of fine roots. New Phytol, 2005, 166: 967-980??
[11]  11 Nadezhdina N, Cermak J. Instrumental methods for studies of structure and function of root systems of large trees. J Exp Bot, 2003, 54: 1511-1521??
[12]  12 Sustek S, Hruska J, Druckmuller M, et al. Root surfaces in the large oak tree estimated by image analysis of the map obtained by the ground penetrating radar. J For Sci, 1999, 45: 139-143
[13]  13 Amato M, Basso B, Celano G, et al. In situ detection of tree root distribution and biomass by multi-electrode resistivity imaging. Tree Physiol, 2008, 28: 1441-1448
[14]  14 Danjon F, Reubens B. Assessing and analyzing 3D architecture of woody root systems, a review of methods and applications in tree and soil stability, resource acquisition and allocation. Plant Soil, 2008, 303: 1-34 ??
[15]  15 Hruska J, èermák J, Sustek S. Mapping tree root systems with ground-penetrating radar. Tree Physiol, 1999, 19: 125-130
[16]  16 Stokes A, Fourcaud T, Hruska J, et al. An evaluation of different methods to investigate root system architecture of urban trees in situ: 1. Ground penetrating radar. Arboriculture J, 2002, 28: 2-9
[17]  17 Cermak J, Hruska J, Martinkova M, et al. Urban tree root systems and their survival near houses analyzed using ground penetrating radar and sap flow techniques. Plant Soil, 2000, 219: 103-116??
[18]  18 Wielopolski L, Hendrey G, McGuigan M. Imaging tree root systems in situ. The 8th International Conference on Ground-Penetrating Radar, May 23 to 26, 2000, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. 642-646
[19]  33 Daniels D J. Surface-penetrating radar. London: The Institute of Electrical Engineers, 1996. 300
[20]  19 Butnor J R, Doolittle J A, Kress L, et al. Use of ground-penetrating radar to study tree roots in the southeastern United States. Tree Physiol , 2001, 21: 1269-1278
[21]  20 Barton C V M, Montagu K D. Detection and determination of root diameter by ground- penetrating radar under optimal conditions. Tree Physiol, 2004, 24: 1323-1331
[22]  21 Butnor J R, Doolittle J A, Johnsen K H, et al. Utility of ground-penetrating radar as a root biomass survey tool in forest systems. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 2003, 67: 1607-1615??
[23]  22 Butnor J R, Johnsen K. Feasibility of using ground-penetrating radar to quantify root mass in Florida''s intensively managed pine plantations. Forest Biology Research Cooperative Report Number 38. Gainesville, Florida, USA, 2005
[24]  23 Stover D B, Day F P, Butnor J R, et al. Effect of elevated CO2 on coarse-root biomass in Florida scrub detected by ground-penetrating radar. Ecology, 2007, 88: 1328-1334??
[25]  24 Hirano Y, Dannoura M, Aono K, et al. Limiting factors in the detection of tree roots using ground-penetrating radar. Plant Soil, 2009, 319: 15-24??
[26]  25 崔喜红, 陈晋, 关琳琳. 探底雷达技术在植物根系探测研究中的应用. 地球科学进展, 2009, 24: 606-611
[27]  26 牟永光, 陈小宏, 刘洋, 等. 地震数据处理方法. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2007. 130-135
[28]  27 Hampson D, Russell B. First-break interpretation using generalized linear inversion. J Can Soc Exp Geophys, 1984, 20: 40-50
[29]  28 Boschetti F, Dentith M D, List R D. A fractal-based algorithm for detecting first arrivals on seismic traces. Geophysics, 1996, 61: 1095-1102??
[30]  29 向敬成, 张明友, 等. 雷达系统. 成都: 电子科技大学出版社, 1997. 30-32
[31]  30 张贤达. 信号处理中的线性代数. 北京: 科学出版社, 1997. 56-60
[32]  31 Mulder W A, Kroode A P E. Automatic velocity analysis by differential semblance optimization. Geophysics, 2002, 67: 1184-1191??
[33]  32 MacKay S, Abma R. Imaging and velocity analysis with depth-focusing analysis. Geophysics, 1992, 57: 1608-1622??
[34]  34 Daniels D J. Ground penetrating radar. 2nd ed. London: Institution of Electrical Engineers, 2004. 300
[35]  35 Gazdag J, Sguazzero P. Migration of seismic data. Proc IEEE, 1984, 72: 1302-1315??
[36]  36 熊翥. 地震数据数字处理应用技术. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 1993. 45-50

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133