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塔里木盆地西南地区古近系卡拉塔尔组龙介类化石及其古生态

, PP. 1634-1646

Keywords: 龙介类化石,古生态,卡拉塔尔组,古近系,塔西南盆地

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Abstract:

?多毛类龙介虫是三叠纪晚期到现代海洋中广泛分布的管状蠕虫生物,它们可以造岩、造礁或为港口和海湾内重要污损生物.塔里木盆地西南地区古近系卡拉塔尔组的碳酸盐沉积中产有丰富的龙介类化石,其与牡蛎化石一起构成卡拉塔尔组的特征生物化石组合,其他常见生物化石有双壳类、腹足类、介形虫、棘皮类和苔藓虫,产龙介类化石的岩性主要有泥晶生屑灰岩、(含)砂质灰岩和介壳灰岩,指示了一种中到低能的半局限到开阔浅海环境.本文在化石门类学、群落生态学和埋葬学研究的基础上,对卡拉塔尔组中龙介类化石的种类、产出、分布和形态特点以及古生态特征进行了研究和分析,识别出卡拉塔尔组中龙介类的2个群落组合,一个是造岩的Ditrupa龙介类群落,另一个是成簇的Propomatoceros龙介类群落.前者主要分布在西昆仑山前的滨岸环境,少泥和砂质的硬底质上,在泻湖和潮坪环境很少见到;后者主要分布在南天山前离岸的碳酸盐中缓坡环境和西昆仑山前滨外陆棚的环境中.根据产出围岩、保存状态和共生生物情况分析,认为卡拉塔尔组的龙介类主要生长在海底的牡蛎贝壳或硬质物上,没有形成生物礁或生物丘.

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