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由TOPEX/Poseidon探测的中国区域后向散射系数时空分布

, PP. 677-692

Keywords: 后向散射系数,卫星测高,TOPEX/Poseidon,陆地表面,SRTM

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Abstract:

?利用TOPEX/Poseidon卫星连续12年(1993年1月~2004年12月)对中国大陆及周边地区观测的GDR-M(MergedGeophysicalDataRecord)数据集,提取Ku波段和C波段的后向散射系数,经平滑、内插处理之后,得到5'×5'的网格数据及其时间序列.对后向散射系数在中国典型地表类型(如湿地、沙漠、山地和农业基地等)的空间分布特征进行了分析与讨论.利用快速Fourier变换(FFT)探测后向散射系数时间序列的周期变化,发现周期以周年为主,部分地区还有半年周期变化.利用最小二乘方法得到周年周期和半年周期的振幅等周期项信息,结果显示周年振幅明显大于半年振幅.分析了后向散射系数时间序列异常与我国环境和气候变化以及严重灾害(如洪水、干旱)的关系.利用SRTM导出的坡度对我国部分地区的后向散射系数的相关性进行了分析,以确定地势对后向散射系数的影响程度,结果显示Ku波段和C波段后向散射系数皆与坡度呈负相关,辽宁和吉林地区的相关性最强为-0.56,塔克拉玛干沙漠地区的相关性最弱为-0.11,其他地区多为(-0.3~-0.5)之间,表明地势起伏而引起的坡度对后向散射系数有显著的负相关性.

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