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中国主要古陆与联合大陆的形成——综述与展望

, PP. 1583-1606

Keywords: 主要古陆块,地质特征,联合大陆,中国

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Abstract:

?中国主要的古老陆块有华北、华南和塔里木,这些古陆在前寒武纪有各自独立的构造演化历史.华北陆块的前寒武纪构造演化记录最复杂也最完整,从古陆核的形成、巨量陆壳的生长和克拉通化,继而经历了古元古代裂谷-岛弧-碰撞构造事件和大氧化事件,中-晚元古代的裂谷事件代表了华北克拉通的地台属性的演化史.塔里木盆地的基底包括太古宙和古元古代的变质岩系以及新元古代地层,确定有三期冰川作用造成的新元古代冰蹟岩.华南古陆是由扬子和华夏克拉通在新元古代拼接而成的.扬子克拉通经历了早前寒武纪的陆壳生长,而后发生了10~9亿年的和8~6亿年的两期变质与岩浆事件,此外,新元古代的两次冰川作用可与全球雪球事件对比.华夏古陆由18亿年、10~9亿年和约8亿年的古老花岗(片麻)岩以及变质岩组成,说明广泛的古老基底存在.华夏与扬子克拉通有统一的新元古代沉积盖层表明华南大陆至少形成在约10~9亿年后,并构成Rodinia超大陆的组成部分.中央造山系的高压-超高压变质作用研究支持了上述古陆块在三叠纪全球Pangea造山作用时期拼合在一起,形成中国大陆的主体.

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