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含铊黄铁矿工业利用中铊的环境暴露通量

, PP. 1474-1480

Keywords: ,黄铁矿,迁移转化,通量,分级提取

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Abstract:

?铊(Tl)是典型的剧毒金属元素,对生物体的毒性高于Hg,Cd和Pb等元素.本研究以含铊黄铁矿生产硫酸这一典型工业过程为研究对象,结合分级提取技术和ICP-MS法分析铊在黄铁矿及其焙烧生产硫酸各工序废渣中的形态分布特征,了解铊在整个硫酸生产工艺中的迁移转化特点,系统研究铊的环境暴露并准确估算其通量.研究发现,黄铁矿中铊约40%以活动态赋存于矿石中,约60%以残余态赋存于矿石晶格中.在氧化焙烧过程中相当部分铊挥发进入炉气,并随炉气中尘埃吸附迁移到各个工序中.各工艺流程所排放的焙烧渣中铊的含量分布表明,炉气吸附的铊在净化阶段被洗脱下来进入水体约占25%,另外15%的铊以活动态形式赋存在废渣中,可随废渣堆放或再利用迁移进入水体或土壤;约60%的铊以相对稳定的残渣态赋存于废渣固相中.

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