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华南早、中奥陶世尖顶笔石属(Acrograptus)的始端发育、系统分类及扩散型式

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Keywords: 始端发育,系统分类,扩散型式,尖顶笔石属,奥陶纪,华南

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Abstract:

?通过对采自湖南益阳南坝剖面的Acrograptus标本的研究,本文对该属作了如下厘定:笔石体两枝近水平至下斜伸展,胎管长且纤细;th11从亚胎管始部生出,th12为双芽胞管,始端发育型式为等称笔石型(isograptid);th11和th12在不同水平位置弯离胎管,导致始端部分不对称;th12与th21的原胞管部分极为纤细,构成两个细弱的横管.经厘定后,Acrograptus归入均分笔石科、弯笔石亚科,共包含6个种:A.affinis(Nicholson),A.filiformis(Tullberg),A.gracilis(T?rnquist),A.nicholsoni(Lapworth),A.pusillus(Tullberg)以及A.saukros(Ni).这6个种在华南广泛分布,其中在上扬子区和江南区中东部较为集中.进一步研究表明,在华南,最早的Acrograptus于弗洛初期出现在水体较深的斜坡相区.弗洛期Pendeograptusfruticosus带初,该属经历了一次明显的扩散事件,属内各种由斜坡向较浅水的台地迁移.这一扩散事件可能直接受控于弗洛中期一次大规模的海侵事件.

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