全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

气溶胶与东亚季风相互影响的研究进展

DOI: 10.1007/s11430-015-5198-z, PP. 1609-1627

Keywords: 气溶胶,季风,相互作用,雾-霾

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

?中国科学院地学部在第33次科学与技术前沿论坛对气溶胶与季风相互作用进行了深入讨论和评估.本文综述了在此次论坛上所报告的国际和中国气溶胶与东亚季风相互作用有关的研究进展.研究表明:(1)东亚季风能影响气溶胶的输送,特别是可以为由气溶胶引起的持续性强雾-霾天气过程的生成和发展提供适宜的大气环流背景场,东亚季风还在季节、年际、年代际等多时间尺度上影响气溶胶的输送和空间分布特征,季风区域的高水汽特征还可能影响气溶胶的光学及辐射效应;(2)已有证据表明气溶胶对于中国部分区域云的物理特征和降水有明显影响,在东南沿海地区,增加气溶胶的含量可能会抑制轻型和中度降水,对强降水可能有强化作用,但是此问题极为复杂,值得深入研究;(3)东亚夏季风活动的年际变化对中国区域气溶胶浓度和空间分布有明显影响,而且近几十年季风的减弱很可能利于区域气溶胶浓度增加.同时期,中国大气污染排放量的显著增加很可能减小了海陆温差和纬向差异,也不利于季风的增强.此外,文章对未来加强季风与气溶胶相互作用的研究给出了部分参考建议,还指出气溶胶对于东亚季风环流影响研究的不确定性.

References

[1]  范学花, 陈洪滨, 夏祥鳌. 2013. 中国大气气溶胶辐射特性参数的观测与研究进展. 大气科学, 37:477-498
[2]  郭其蕴. 1983. 东亚夏季风强度指数及其变化的分析. 地理学报, 38:207-217
[3]  黄荣辉. 2004. 中国重大气候灾害的形成机理和预测理论研究综述. 中国基础研究, 6:6-16
[4]  穆穆, 张人禾. 2014. 应对雾霾天气:气象科学与技术大有可为. 中国科学:地球科学, 44:1-2
[5]  Li Z Q, Lee K H, Wang Y S, Xin J Y, Hao W M. 2010. First observation-based estimates of cloud-free aerosol radiative forcing across China. J Geophys Res, 115:D00K18, doi:10.1029/2009JD013306
[6]  Li Z Q, Niu F, Fan J W, Liu Y G, Rosenfeld D, Ding Y N. 2011a. The long-term impacts of aerosols on the vertical development of clouds and precipitation. Nat Geosci, 4:888-894
[7]  Li Z Q, Li C, Chen H, Tsay S C, Holben B, Huang J, Li B, Maring H, Qian Y, Shi G, Xia X, Yin Y, Zheng Y, Zhuang G. 2011b. East Asian Studies of Tropospheric Aerosols and their Impact on Regional Climate(EAST-AIRC):An overview. J Geophys Res, 116:D00K34, doi:10.1029/2010JD015257
[8]  Lin J C, Matsui T, Pielke R A, Kummerow C. 2006. Effects of biomass-burning-derived aerosols on precipitation and clouds in the Amazon Basin:A satellite-based empirical study. J Geophys Res, 111:D19204
[9]  Liu X D, Yan L B, Yang P, Yin Z Y, North G R. 2011. Influence of Indian summer monsoon on aerosol loading in East Asia. J Appl Meteor Climat, 50:523-533
[10]  Luo Y F, Lu D R, Zhou X J, Li W L, He Q. 2001. Characteristics of the spatial distribution and yearly variation of aerosol optical depth over China in last 30 years. J Geophys Res, 106:14501-14513
[11]  Luo Y X, Zheng X B, Zhao T L, Chen J. 2014. A climatology of aerosol optical depth over China from recent 10 years of MODIS remote sensing data. Int J Climatol, 34:863-870
[12]  Ma J Z, Xu X B, Zhao C S, Yan P. 2012. A review of atmospheric chemistry research in China:Photochemical smog, haze pollution, and gas-aerosol interactions. Adv Atmos Sci, 29:1006-1026
[13]  Meehl G A, Arblaster J M, Collins W D. 2008. Effects of black carbon aerosols on the Indian monsoon. J Clim, 21:2869-2882
[14]  Menon S, Hansen J E, Nazarenko L, Luo Y F. 2002. Climate effects of black carbon aerosols in China and India. Science, 297:2250-2253
[15]  Myhre G, Shindell D, Bréon F M, Collins W, Fuglestvedt J, Huang J P, Koch D, Lamarque J F, Lee D, Mendoza B, Nakajima T, Robock A, Stephens G, Takemura T, Zhang H. 2013. Anthropogenic and natural radiative forcing. In:Stocker T F, Qin D, Plattner G K, et al., eds. Climate Change 2013:The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA:Cambridge University Press
[16]  Niu F, Li Z Q, Li C, Lee K H, Wang M Y. 2010. Increase of wintertime fog in China:Potential impacts of weakening of the Eastern Asian monsoon circulation and increasing aerosol loading. J Geophys Res, 115:D00k20, doi:10.1029/2009JD013484
[17]  Niu F, Li Z Q. 2012. Systematic variations of cloud top temperature and precipitation rate with aerosols over the global tropics. Atmos Chem Phys, 12:8491-8498
[18]  Qian Y, Wang W G, Leung L R, Kaiser D P. 2007. Variability of solar radiation under cloud-free skies in China:The role of aerosols. Geophys Res Lett, 34:L12804, doi:10.1029/2006GL028800
[19]  Qian Y, Gong D Y, Fan J W, Leung L R, Bennartz R, Chen D L, Wang W G. 2009. Heavy pollution suppresses light rain in China:Observations and modeling. J Geophys Res, 114:D00K02, doi:10.1029/2008JD011575
[20]  Ramanathan V C P J, Crutzen P J, Kiehl J T, Rosenfeld D. 2001. Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle. Science, 294:2119-2124
[21]  Rosenfeld D. 2000. Suppression of rain and snow by urban and industrial air pollution. Science, 287:1793-1796
[22]  Rosenfeld D, Lohmann U, Raga G B, O''Dowd C D, Kulmala M, Fuzzi S, Reissell A, Andreae M O. 2008. Flood or drought:How do aerosols affect precipitation? Science, 321:1309-1313
[23]  Shi G Y, Hayasaka T, Ohmura A, Chen Z H, Wang B, Zhao J Q, Che H Z, Xu L. 2008. Data quality assessment and the long-term trend of ground solar radiation in China. J Appl Meteorol, 47:1006-1016
[24]  Shi Y J, Ge M F, Wang W G. 2012. Hygroscopicity of internally mixed aerosol particles containing benzoic acid and inorganic salts. Atmos Environ, 60:9-17
[25]  Shindell D T, Lamarque J F, Schulz M, Flanner M, Jiao C, Chin M, Young P J, Lee Y H, Rotstayn L, Mahowald N, Milly G, Faluvegi G, Balkanski Y, Collins W J, Conley A J, Dalsoren S, Easter R, Ghan S, Horowitz L, Liu X, Myhre G, Nagashima T, Naik V, Rumbold S T, Skeie T, Sudo K, Szopa S, Takemura T, Voulgarakis A, Yoon J H, Lo F. 2013. Radiative forcing in the ACCMIP historical and future climate simulations. Atmos Chem Phys, 13:2939-2974
[26]  Song F F, Zhou T J, Qian Y. 2014. Responses of East Asian summer monsoon to natural and anthropogenic forcings in the latest 17 CMIP5 models. Geophys Res Lett, 41:596-603
[27]  Sun Y L, Jiang Q, Wang Z F, Fu P Q, Li J, Yang T, Yin Y. 2014. Investigation of the sources and evolution processes of severe haze pollution in Beijing in January 2013. J Geophys Res, 119, doi:10.1002/2014JD021641
[28]  Tao W K, Chen J P, Li Z Q, Wang C, Zhang C. 2012. Impact of aerosols on convective clouds and precipitation. Rev Geophys, 50, doi:10.1029/2011RG000369
[29]  Twomey S. 1977. The influence of pollution on the shortwave albedo of clouds. J Atmos Sci, 34:1149-1152
[30]  Wang H J. 2001. The weakening of Asian monsoon circulation after the end of 1970''s. Adv Atmos Sci, 18:376-386
[31]  Wang Y, Wan Q, Meng W, Liao F, Tan H, Zhang R. 2011. Long-term impacts of aerosols on precipitation and lightning over the Pearl River Delta megacity area in China. Atmos Chem Phys, 11:12421-12436
[32]  Wang Y, Fan J W, Zhang R Y, Leung L R, Franklin C. 2013a. Improving bulk microphysics parameterizations in simulations of aerosol effects. J Geophys Res, 118:5361-5379
[33]  Wang Y, Khalizov A, Levy M, Zhang R Y. 2013b. New Directions:Light absorbing aerosols and their atmospheric impacts. Atmos Environ, 81:713-715
[34]  Wang Y, Zhang R Y, Saravanan R. 2014a. Asian pollution climatically modulates mid-latitude cyclones following hierarchical modelling and observational analysis. Nat Commun, 5:3098, doi:10.1038/ncomms4098
[35]  Wang Y, Wang M H, Zhang R Y, Ghan S J, Lin Y, Hu J X, Pan B W, Levy M, Jiang J H, Molina M J. 2014b. Assessing the impacts of anthropogenic aerosols on Pacific storm track using a multi-scale global climate model. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 111:6894-6899, doi:10.1073/pnas.1403364111
[36]  Zhang L, Liao H, Li J P. 2010b. Impact of the southeast Asian summer monsoon strength on the outflow of aerosols from South Asia. Ann Geophys, 28:277-287
[37]  Zhang L, Henze D K, Grell G A, Carmichael G R. 2012. Assessment of the sources, distribution and climate impacts of black carbon aerosol over Asia using GEOS-Chem and WRF-Chem. 2012 AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts. San Francisso:AGU Fall Meeting
[38]  Zhang Q, Streets D G, Carmichael G R, He K B, Huo H, Kannari A, Klimont Z, Park I S, Reddy S, Fu J S, Chen D, Duan L, Lei Y, Wang L T, Yao Z L. 2009. Asian emissions in 2006 for the NASA INTEX-B mission. Atmos Chem Phys, 9:5131-5153
[39]  Zhang R Y, Suh I, Zhao J, Zhang D, Fortner E C, Tie X X, Molina L T, Molina M J. 2004. Atmospheric new particle formation enhanced by organic acids. Science, 304:1487-1490
[40]  Zhang R Y, Li G H, Fan J W, Wu D L, Molina M J. 2007. Intensification of Pacific storm track linked to Asian pollution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 104:5295-5299
[41]  Zhang R Y, Khalizov A F, Pagels J, Zhang D, Xue H X, McMurry P H. 2008. Variability in morphology, hygroscopic and optical properties of soot aerosols during internal mixing in the atmosphere. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 105:10291-10296
[42]  Zhang R Y. 2010. Getting to the critical nucleus of aerosol formation. Science, 328:1366-1367
[43]  Zhang R Y, Khalizov A, Wang L, Hu M, Xu W. 2012. Nucleation and growth of nanoparticles in the atmosphere. Chem Rev, 112:1957-2011
[44]  Zhang X Y, Arimoto R, An Z S, Chen T, Zhang G Y, Zhu G H, Wang X F. 1993. Atmospheric trace elements over source regions for Chinese dust:Concentrations, sources and atmospheric deposition on the Loess Plateau. Atmos Environ, 27:2051-2067
[45]  Zhang X Y, Arimoto R, An Z S. 1997. Dust emission from Chinese desert sources linked to variations in atmospheric circulation. J Geophys Res, 102:28041-28047
[46]  Zhang X Y, Cao J J, Li L M, Arimoto R, Cheng Y, Huebert B, Wang D. 2002a. Characterization of atmospheric aerosol over Xian in the South Margin of the Loess Plateau, China. Atmos Environ, 36:4189-4199
[47]  Zhang X Y, Lu H Y, Arimoto R, Gong S L. 2002b. Atmospheric dust loadings and their relationship to rapid oscillations of the Asian winter monsoon climate:two 250-kyr loess records. Earth Planet Sci Lett, 202:637-643
[48]  Zhang X Y, Gong S L, Shen Z X, Mei F M, Xi X X, Liu L C, Zhou Z J, Wang D, Wang Y Q, Cheng Y. 2003. Characterization of soil dust aerosol in China and itstransport/distribution during 2001 ACE-Asia. 1. Network Observations. J Geophys Res, 108:4261, doi:10.1029/1004 2002JD002632
[49]  Zhang X Y, Wang Y Q, Zhang X C, Guo W, Gong S L. 2008a. Carbonaceous aerosol composition over various regions of China during 2006. J Geophys Res, 113:D14111, doi:14110.11029/12007JD009525
[50]  Zhang X Y, Wang Y Q, Zhang X C, Guo W, Niu T, Gong S L, Yin Y, Zhao P, Jin J L, Yu M. 2008b. Aerosol monitoring at multiple locations in China:Contributions of EC and dust to aerosol light absorption. Tellus Ser B-Chem Phys Meteorol, 60:647-656
[51]  Zhang X Y, Wang Y Q, Niu T, Zhang X C, Gong S L, Zhang Y M, Sun J Y. 2012. Atmospheric aerosol compositions in China:Spatial/temporal variability, chemical signature, regional haze distribution and comparisons with global aerosols. Atmos Chem Phys, 11:26571-26615
[52]  Zhang Y H, Hu M, Zhong L J, Wiedensohler A, Liu S C, Andreae M O, Wang W, Fan S J. 2008. Regional integrated experiments on air quality over Pearl River Delta 2004(PRIDE-PRD2004):Overview. Atmos Environ, 42:6157-6173
[53]  Zhou T J, Song F, Lin R, Chen X, Chen X. 2013. The 2012 North China floods:Explaining an extreme rainfall event in the context of a long-term drying tendency [in "Explaining Extreme Events of 2012 from a Climate Perspective"]. Bull Amer Meteor Soc, 94:S1-S74
[54]  Zhu J L, Liao H, Li J P. 2012. Increases in aerosol concentrations over eastern China due to the decadal-scale weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon. Geophys Res Lett, 39:L09809, doi:10.1029/2012GL051428
[55]  吴兑, 吴晓京, 李菲, 谭浩波, 陈静, 曹治强, 孙弦, 陈欢欢, 李海燕. 2010. 中国大陆1951~2005年霾的时空变化. 气象学报, 68:680-688
[56]  辛金元, 王跃思, 李占清, 王普才, 王式功, 温天雪, 孙扬. 2006. 中国地区太阳分光辐射观测网的建立和仪器定标. 环境科学, 27:1697-1702
[57]  宇如聪, 周天军, 李建, 辛晓歌. 2008. 中国东部气候年代际变化三维特征的研究进展. 大气科学, 32:893-905
[58]  张莉, 丁一汇, 任国玉. 2005. 我国北方沙尘天气演变趋势及其气候成因分析. 应用气象学报, 16:583-592
[59]  张人禾, 李强, 张若楠. 2014. 2013年1月中国东部持续性强雾霾天气产生的气象条件分析. 中国科学:地球科学, 2014, 44:27-36
[60]  张小曳, 孙俊英, 王亚强, 李卫军, 张蔷, 王炜罡, 权建农, 曹国良, 王继志, 杨元琴, 张养梅. 2013. 我国雾-霾成因及其治理的思考. 科学通报, 58:1178-1187
[61]  Ackerman A S, Toon O B, Hobbs P V. 1995. A model for particle microphysics, turbulent mixing, and radiative transfer in the stratocumulus-topped marine boundary layer and comparisons with measurements. J Atmos Sci, 52:1204-1236
[62]  Albrecht B. 1989. Aerosols, cloud microphysics, and fractional cloudiness. Science, 245:1227-1230.
[63]  Andreae M O, Rosenfeld D, Artaxo P, Costa A A, Frank G P, Longo K M, Silva-Dias M A F. 2004. Smoking rain clouds over the Amazon. Science, 303:1337-1341
[64]  Bollasina M A, Ming Y, Ramaswamy V. 2011. Anthropogenic aerosols and the weakening of the South Asian summer monsoon. Science, 334:502-505
[65]  Che H Z, Zhang X Y, Chen H B, Damiri B, Goloub P, Li Z Q, Zhang X C, Wei Y, Zhou H G, Dong F, Li D P, Zhou T M. 2009. Instrument calibration and aerosol optical depth validation of the China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network. J Geophys Res, 114:D03206, doi:10.1029/2008JD011030
[66]  Chin M. 2012. Dirtier air from a weaker monsoon. Nat Geosci, 5:449-450
[67]  Ding A J, Fu C B, Yang X Q, Sun J N, Pet?j?T, Kerminen V M, Wang T, Xie Y, Herrmann E, Zheng L F, Nie W, Liu Q, Wei X L, Kulmala M. 2013. Intense atmospheric pollution modifies weather:A case of mixed biomass burning wither fossil fuel combustion pollution in the eastern China. Atmos Chem Phys, 13:10545-10554
[68]  Dong L, Zhou T J. 2014. The Indian Ocean sea surface temperature warming simulated by CMIP5 models during the 20th century:Competing forcing roles of GHGs and anthropogenic aerosols. J Clim, 27:3348-3362
[69]  Dong L, Zhou T J, Wu B. 2014. Indian Ocean warming during 1958-2004 simulated by a climate system model and its mechanism. Clim Dyn, 42:203-217
[70]  Fan J W, Zhang R Y, Tao W K, Mohr K I. 2008. Effects of aerosol optical properties on deep convective clouds and radiative forcing. J Geophys Res, 113:D08209, doi:10.1029/2007JD009257
[71]  Fan J W, Yuan T L, Comstock J M, Ghan S, Khain A, Leung L R, Li Z Q, Martins V J, Ovchinnikov M. 2009. Dominant role by vertical wind shear in regulating aerosol effects on deep convective clouds. J Geophys Res, 114:D22206, doi:10.1029/2009JD012352
[72]  Fan J W, Leung L R, Rosenfeld D, Chen Q, Li Z Q, Zhang J Q, Yan H R. 2013. Microphysical effects determine macrophysical response for aerosol impact on deep convective clouds. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 110, doi:10.1073/pnas.1316830110
[73]  Forster P, Ramaswamy V, Artaxo P, Berntsen T, Betts R, Fahey D W, Haywood J, Lean J, Lowe D C, Myhre G, Nganga J, Prinn R, Raga G, Schulz M, Van Dorland R. 2007. Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radiative forcing. In:Climate Change 2007:The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA:Cambridge University Press
[74]  Guo S, Hu M, Zamora M L, Peng J F, Shang D J, Zheng J, Du Z F, Wu Z J, Shao M, Zeng L M, Molina M J, Zhang R Y. 2014. Elucidating severe urban haze formation in China. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 111:17373-17378
[75]  He B, Bao Q, Li J D, Wu G X, Liu Y M, Wang X C, Sun Z B. 2013. Influences of external forcing changes on the summer cooling trend over East Asia. Clim Change, 117:829-841
[76]  Hu Z Z. 1997. Interdecadal variability of summer climate over East Asia and its association with 500-hPa height and global sea surface temperature. J Geophys Res, 102:19403-19412
[77]  Huang J P, Minnis R, Chen B, Huang Z W, Liu Z Y, Zhao Q Y, Yi Y H, Ayers J K. 2008a. Long-range transport and vertical structure of Asian dust from CALIPSO and surface measurements during PACDEX. J Geophys Res, 113:D23212, doi:10.1029/2008JD010620
[78]  Huang J P, Zhang W, Zuo J Q, Bi J R, Shi J S, Wang X, Chang Z L, Huang Z W, Yang S, Zhang B D, Wang G Y, Feng G H, Yuan J Y, Zhang L, Zuo H C, Wang S G, Fu C B, Chou J F. 2008b. An overview of the semi-arid climate and environment research observatory over the Loess Plateau. Adv Atmos Sci, 25:906-921
[79]  Huang J P, Wang T H, Wang W C, Li Z Q, Yan H R. 2014. Climate effect of dust aerosols over East Asian arid and semi-arid regions. J Geophys Res, 119:11398-11416
[80]  Huang R H, Chen J L, Huang G. 2007. Characteristics and variations of the East Asian monsoon system and its impacts on climate disasters in China. Adv Atmos Sci, 24:993-1023
[81]  Huang Y, Dickinson R E, Chameides W L. 2006. Impact of aerosol indirect effect on surface temperature over East Asia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 103:4371-4376
[82]  Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC). 2013. Climate Change 2013—The Physical Science Basis:Working Group I Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA:Cambridge University Press
[83]  Jiang Y Q, Liu X H, Yang X Q, Wang M H. 2013. A numerical study of the effect of different aerosol types on East Asian summer clouds and precipitation. Atmos Environ, 70:51-63
[84]  Khain A P, BenMoshe N, Pokrovsky A. 2008. Factors determining the impact of aerosols on surface precipitation from clouds:An attempt at classification. J Atmos Sci, 65:1721-1748
[85]  Koren I, Martins J V, Remer L A, Afargan H. 2008. Smoke invigoration versus inhibition of clouds over the Amazon. Science, 321:946-949
[86]  Lau K M, Kim M K. 2006. Asian summer monsoon anomalies induced by aerosol direct forcing:The role of the Tibetan Plateau. Clim Dyn, 26:855-864
[87]  Lee K H, Li Z Q, Wong M S, Xin J Y, Wang Y S, Hao W M, Zhao F S. 2010. Aerosol single scattering albedo estimated across China from a combination of ground and satellite measurements. J Geophys Res, 112:D22S15, doi:10.1029/2007JD009077
[88]  Li G H, Wang Y, Lee K H, Diao Y W, Zhang R Y. 2008. Increased winter precipitation over the North Pacific from 1984-1994 to 1995-2005 inferred from the global precipitation climatology project. Geophys Res Lett, 35:L13821, doi:10.1029/2008GL034668
[89]  Li H M, Dai A G, Zhou T J, Lu J. 2010. Responses of East Asian summer monsoon to historical SST and atmospheric forcing during 1950-2000. Clim Dyn, 34:501-514
[90]  Li J D, Sun Z A, Liu Y M, Li J N, Wang W C, Wu G X. 2012. A study on sulfate optical properties and direct radiative forcing using the LASG-IAP general circulation model. Adv Atmos Sci, 29:1185-1199
[91]  Li J D, Wang W C, Sun Z A, Wu G X, Liao H, Liu Y M. 2014. Decadal variation of East Asian radiative forcing due to anthropogenic aerosols during 1850-2100 and the role of atmospheric moisture. Clim Res, 61:241-257
[92]  Li L J, Wang B, Zhou T J. 2007. Contributions of natural and anthropogenic forcings to the summer cooling over eastern China:An AGCM study. Geophys Res Lett, 34:L18807, doi:10.1029/2007GL030541
[93]  Li Q, Zhang R H, Wang Y. 2015. Interannual variation of the wintertime fog-haze days across central and eastern China and its relation with East Asian winter monsoon. Int J Climatol, doi:10.1002/joc.4350
[94]  Li W J, Shao L Y. 2009. Transmission electron microscopy study of aerosol particles from the brown hazes in northern China. J Geophys Res, 114:D09302, doi:10.1029/2008JD011285
[95]  Li Z Q, Chen H, Cribb M, Dickerson R, Holben B, Li C, Lu D, Luo Y, Maring H, Shi G, Tsay S C, Wang P, Wang Y, Xia X, Zheng Y, Yuan T, Zhao F. 2007a. Preface to special section on East Asian Study of Tropospheric Aerosols:An International Regional Experiment(EAST-AIRE). J Geophys Res, 112:D22S00, doi:10.1029/2007JD008853
[96]  Li Z Q, Niu F, Lee K H, Xin J Y, Hao W M, Nordgren B, Wang Y S, Wang P C. 2007b. Validation and understanding of Moderate Resolution Imaging Specteroradiometer aerosol products(C5) using ground-based measurements from the handheld Sun photometer network in China. J Geophys Res, 112:D22S07, doi:10.1029/2007JD008479
[97]  Li Z Q, Zhao X P, Kahn R, Mishchenko M, Remer L, Lee K H, Wang M, Laszlo I, Nakajima T, Maring H. 2009. Uncertainties in satellite remote sensing of aerosols and impact on monitoring its long-term trend:A review and perspective. Ann Geophys, 27:1-16
[98]  Wu G X, Guan Y, Liu Y M, Yan J H, Mao J Y. 2012. Air-sea interaction and formation of the Asian summer monsoon onset vortex over the Bay of Bengal. Clim Dyn, 38:261-279
[99]  Xia X A, Chen H B, Philippe G, Zong X M, Zhang W X, Wang P C. 2013. Climatological aspects of aerosol optical properties in North China Plain based on ground and satellite remote-sensing data. J Quant Spectrosc Ra, 127:12-23
[100]  Xin J Y, Wang Y S, Li Z Q, Wang P C, Hao W M, Nordgren B L, Wang S G, Liu G R, Wang L L, Wen T X, Sun Y, Hu B. 2007. Aerosol optical depth(AOD) and Angstrom exponent of aerosols observed by the Chinese Sun Hazemeter Network from August 2004 to September 2005. J Geophys Res, 112, doi:10.1029/2006JD007075
[101]  Yan L B, Liu X D, Yang P, Yin Z , North G R. 2011. Study of the impact of summer monsoon circulation on spatial distribution of aerosols in east Asia based on numerical simulations. J Appl Meteor Climat, 50:2270-2282
[102]  Yang X, Ferrat M, Li Z Q. 2013a. New evidence of orographic precipitation suppression by aerosols in central China. Meteor Atmos Phys, 119:17-29
[103]  Yang X, Yao Z Y, Li Z Q, Fan T Y. 2013b. Heavy air pollution suppresses summer thunderstorms in central China. J Atmos Sol-Terr Phy, 95-96:28-40
[104]  Yang X, Li Z Q. 2014. Increases in thunderstorm activity and relationships with air pollution in southeast China. J Geophys Res, 119:1835-1844
[105]  Yu R C, Wang B, Zhou T J. 2004. Tropospheric cooling and summer monsoon weakening trend over East Asia. Geophys Res Lett, 31:L22212, doi:10.1029/2004GL021270
[106]  Yu R C, Zhou T J. 2007. Seasonality and three dimensional structure of the interdecadal change in East Asian monsoon. J Clim, 20:5344-5355
[107]  Zhang H, Wang Z L, Guo P W. 2009. A modeling study of the effects of direct radiative forcing due to carbonaceous aerosol on the climate in East Asia. Adv Atmos Sci, 26:57-66
[108]  Zhang H, Wang Z L, Wang Z Z, Liu Q X, Gong S L, Zhang X Y, Shen Z P, Lu P, Wei X D, Che H Z, Li L. 2012. Simulation of direct radiative forcing of aerosols and their effects on east Asian climate using an interactive AGCM-aerosol coupled system. Clim Dyn, 38:1675-1693
[109]  Zhang L, Liao H, Li J P. 2010a. Impacts of Asian summer monsoon on seasonal and interannual variations of aerosols over eastern China. J Geophys Res, 115:D00K05, doi:10.1029/2009JD012299
[110]  Zhao X J, Zhao P S, Xu J, Meng W, Pu W W, Dong F, He D, Shi Q F. 2013. Analysis of a winter regional haze event and its formation mechanism in the North China Plain. Atmos Chem Phys, 13:5685-5696
[111]  Zheng G J, Duan F K, Su H, Ma Y L, Cheng Y, Zheng B, Zhang Q, Huang T, Kimoto T, Chang D, P?schl U, Cheng Y F, He K B. 2014. Exploring the severe winter haze in Beijing:The impact of synoptic weather, regional transport and heterogeneous reactions. Atmos Chem Phys, 15:2969-2983
[112]  Zhou T J, Yu R C, Li H M, Wang B. 2008. Ocean forcing to changes in global monsoon precipitation over the recent half-century. J Clim, 21:3833-3852
[113]  Zhou T J, Gong D Y, Li J, Li B. 2009a. Detecting and understanding the multi-decadal variability of the East Asian Summer Monsoon? Recent progress and state of affairs. Meteorol Z, 18:455-467
[114]  Zhou T J, Yu R C, Zhang J, Drange H, Cassou C, Deser C, Hodson D L R, Sanchez-Gomez E, Li J, Keenlyside N, Xin X G, Okumura Y. 2009b. Why the Western Pacific subtropical high has extended westward since the late 1970s. J Clim, 22:2199-2215

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133