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准噶尔盆地西北缘二叠系沸石矿物成岩作用及对油气的意义

, PP. 1602-1612

Keywords: 天然沸石,成岩作用,火山玻璃,次生孔隙,准噶尔盆地

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Abstract:

?近年来,硅酸盐矿物的成岩作用越来越受到人们的重视,特别是其对油气储层孔隙度和渗透率的影响.沸石作为自生铝硅酸盐矿物,在成岩演化过程中,其析出、胶结和溶蚀对研究区二叠系油气储层储集性能有不同程度的破坏与改善.准噶尔盆地西北缘地区二叠系沸石矿物形成于开放的水文环境,成因与大量火山物质的水化关系密切.地层水化学性质差异、孔隙水的pH以及阳离子的性质和比率决定沸石类型及其转化.沸石矿物类型主要有方沸石、片沸石和浊沸石.火山玻璃的沸石化蚀变过程为:火山玻璃-斜发沸石-方沸石-片沸石-浊沸石.方沸石的溶蚀对储层质量改善明显;片沸石的胶结现象普遍,对储层破坏严重.早期沸石的析出,使储层原始孔隙结构未被压实作用破坏,同时为后期溶蚀作用提供了物质基础.方沸石的溶蚀与烃源岩层排出的有机酸和NaHCO3弱酸性地层水有关,同时受岩层渗透性影响;在CaCl2型地层水中,片沸石和浊沸石难于溶蚀.在研究区,方沸石溶蚀带是次生孔隙发育带,可以作为寻找有利油气储层发育的目标区域.

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