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一个区域气候模式对南极2m气温的模拟及其评估

, PP. 715-722

Keywords: 区域模式,2m气温,逆温,感热通量

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Abstract:

?利用ERA40、NCEP20世纪再分析资料和中国南极中山站到Dome-A断面考察资料,对德国极地与海洋研究所区域气候模式-HIRHAM模拟的南极2m气温进行了评估,结果发现:(1)模拟的多年平均场空间特征与ERA40和NCEP20世纪再分析较为接近.(2)模拟存在冷偏差,整个南极地区与EAR40偏冷1.8℃,与NCEP20世纪再分析偏冷5.1℃.(3)与EAR40偏差存在季节差异,夏季偏冷3.4℃,秋季偏暖0.004℃.进一步分析发现,HIRHAM模式模拟的近地层大气湍流状况与实际状况不同是2m气温模拟偏差产生的原因:(1)南极夏季近地层观测样本中逆温和非逆温并存,原因是感热通量正负并存,但HIRHAM模式模拟基本全为逆温状况和负感热通量.(2)南极秋、冬季观测基本全为逆温,HIRHAM与之较为吻合,这部分解释了秋、冬季节模式模拟偏差不大的原因.

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