全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

水质基准研究与进展

, PP. 646-656

Keywords: 水质基准,物种敏感度,环境管理,生物区系

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

?水质基准是基于科学实验和推论得出的结果,是对水体中的污染物或其他有害因素阈值的限定.目前中国的水质基准研究体系基本上是空白,因此亟需在国家层面上开展适合中国区域特点的水质基准体系研究,为水质标准的制修订和环境管理提供科学依据.本文对水质基准的概况、理论方法学以及国内外研究进展进行了系统论述,概括了水质基准研究中需要重点考虑的关键科学问题,包括物种敏感度分析、污染物毒性终点选择、基准推导的模型等.同时指出在水质基准研究中我国可以借鉴美国的基准推导方法,将急性基准和慢性基准分开研究.最后,结合我国水质基准的研究现状,指出未来我国水质基准研究中需要重点关注本地物种选择、模型的综合应用等发展方向.

References

[1]  1 孟伟, 张远, 郑丙辉. 水环境质量基准、标准与流域水污染物总量控制策略. 环境科学研究, 2006, 19: 1–6
[2]  2 Maltby L, Blake N, Brock T C M, et al. Insecticide species sensitivity distribution: Importance of test species selection and relevance to aquatic ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem, 2005, 24: 379–388??
[3]  3 Wu F C, Meng W, Zhao X L, et al. China embarking on development of its own national water quality criteria system. Environ Sci Technol, 2010, 44: 7792–7793
[4]  4 国家环境保护总局. GB3838-2002. 地表水环境质量标准. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2002
[5]  5 闫振广, 孟伟, 刘征涛, 等. 我国淡水水生生物镉基准研究. 环境科学学报, 2009, 29: 2393–2406
[6]  6 US EPA. Great Lakes Water Quality Initiative Criteria Documents for the Protection of Wildlife. Technical Report, EPA/820/B-95/008. Washington DC: Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, 1995
[7]  7 US EPA. National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. Technical Report. Washington DC: Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, 2009
[8]  8 孟伟, 吴丰昌. 水质基准的理论与方法学导论. 北京: 科学出版社, 2010. 4
[9]  9 吴丰昌, 孟伟, 宋永会, 等. 中国湖泊水环境基准的研究进展. 环境科学学报, 2008, 28: 2385–2393
[10]  10 郑乃彤, 陆昌淼. 中国大百科全书(环境科学). 北京: 中国大百科全书出版社, 1983. 224
[11]  11 Marsh M C. The effect of some industrial wastes on fishes. Water Supply and Irrigation Paper. US Geological Survey, 1907, (192): 337–348
[12]  12 Shelford V E. An experimental study of the effects of gas wastes upon fishes, with especial references to stream pollution. Bull Ill State Lab Nat His, 1917, 11: 381–412
[13]  13 Ellis M M. Detection and measurement of stream pollution. Bull Bureau Fish, 1937, 48: 365–437
[14]  14 California State Water Pollution Control Board. Water Quality Criteria. Technical Report. Sacramento: California State Water Pollution Control Board, 1952
[15]  15 US Department of the Interior. Report of the subcommittee or water quality criteria. Technical Report. Washington DC: US Department of the Interior, 1968
[16]  17 US EPA. Quality Criteria for Water. Technical Report. Washington DC: Office of Water Regulations and Standards, 1976
[17]  18 US EPA. Ambient Water Quality Criteria (series). Technical Report. Washington DC: US EPA, 1980
[18]  19 Stephan C E, Mount D I, Hansen D J, et al. Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses. Technical Report. Washington DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1985
[19]  20 US EPA. Quality Criteria for Water. Technical Report. Washington DC: Office of Water Regulations and Standards, 1986
[20]  21 US EPA. National Recommended Water Quality Criteria-correction. Technical Report. Washington DC: Office of Water Office of Science and Technology, 1999
[21]  22 CCME. Protocol for the Derivation of Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life. Technical Report. Winnipeg: Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, 1999
[22]  23 US EPA. Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health. Technical Report, EPA-822-B-00-004. Washington DC: Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, 2000
[23]  24 US EPA. National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. Technical Report. Washington DC: Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, 2002
[24]  25 US EPA. National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. Technical Report. Washington, DC: Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, 2004
[25]  26 US EPA. National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. Technical Report. Washington DC: Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, 2006
[26]  27 ARMCANZ, ANZECC. Australian and New Zealand guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality. Technical Report: Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council and Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand, 2000
[27]  28 ECB. Technical Guidance Document on Risk Assessment-Part II. Technical Report. Ispra: Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, 2003
[28]  29 CCME. A Protocol for the Derivation of Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life. Technical Report. Winnipeg: Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, 2007
[29]  30 van Vlaardingen P L A, Verbruggen E M J. Guidance for the Derivation of Environmental Risk Limits within the Framework of ‘International and national environmental quality standards for substances in the Netherlands’ (INS) Bitlhoven, Technical Report. The Netherlands: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment. RIVM-project No. 601782001. 2007
[30]  31 WHO. Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality: Incorporation 1st and 2nd Addenda, Vol.1, Recommendations. 3rd ed. Technical Report. Geneva: WHO, 2006
[31]  32 美国环境保护局. 水质评价标准. 徐宗仁, 译. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 1981
[32]  33 阿拉巴斯特(Aiabaster J S). 淡水鱼类的水质标准. 姜礼燔, 译. 北京: 科学普及出版社, 1986
[33]  34 夏青, 张旭辉. 水质标准手册. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 1990
[34]  35 美国环境保护局. 水质评价标准. 水利电力部水质实验研究中心《水质评价标准》编译组, 译. 北京: 水利水电出版社, 1991
[35]  36 夏青, 陈艳卿, 刘宪兵. 水质基准与水质标准. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2004. 13–20
[36]  37 Kooijman S A L M. A safety factor for LC50 values allowing for differences in sensitivity among species. Water Res, 1987, 21: 269–276??
[37]  38 Aldenberg T, Slob W. Confidence limits for hazardous concentrations based on logistically distributed NOEC toxicity data. Environ Eng Sci, 1993, 25: 48–63
[38]  39 Newman M C, Ownby D R, Mézin L C A, et al. Applying species-sensitivity distributions in ecological risk assessment: Assumptions of distribution type and sufficient numbers of species. Environ Toxicol Chem, 2000, 19: 508–515
[39]  40 Posthuma L Suter II G W, Traas T P. Species Sensitivity Distributions in Ecotoxicology. Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 2002
[40]  41 Hall L W, Scott M C, Killen W D. Ecological risk assessment of copper and cadmium in surface waters of Chesapeake Bay watershed. Environ Toxicol Chem, 1998, 17: 1172–1189??
[41]  42 Solomon K R, Baker D B, Richards R P, et al. Ecological risk assessment of atrazine in North American surface waters. Environ Toxicol Chem, 1996, 15: 31–76??
[42]  43 Van Straalen N M, Van Rijn J P. Ecotoxicological risk assessment of soil fauna recovery from pesticide application. Rev Environ Contamin Toxicol, 1998, 154: 83–141
[43]  44 Janssen M P M, Traas T P, Rila J P, et al. Guidance for Deriving Dutch Environmental Risk Limits from EU-Risk Assessment Reports of Existing Substances. Technical Report. Report No. 6016501020. Bitlhoven: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 2004. 35
[44]  45 OECD. Guidance Document for Aquatic Effects Assessment. Technical Report. Paris: OECD Environment Monographs No 92. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1995
[45]  46 US EPA. Health Effects Support Document for Hexachlorobutadiene. Technical Report. EPA 822-R-03-002. Washington DC: Office of Water, 2003
[46]  47 Rausina G A, Wong D C L, Raymon A W, et al. Toxicity of methyl tert-butyl ether to marine
[47]  16 NAS, NAE. Water Quality Criteria. Technical Report. Washington DC: National Academy Press, 1972

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133