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眉状中尺度涡影响热带气旋路径的机理研究

, PP. 290-300

Keywords: 热带气旋,异常路径,环境场引导气流,非对称结构,非对称对流系统

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Abstract:

?应用准地转正压涡度方程数值研究了初始眉状中尺度涡影响热带气旋(TC)路径的机理.结果显示,环境场引导气流、TC非对称结构和非对称对流系统这三个影响TC路径的基本因子均具有时变特征,它们在不同的时段具有不同的重要性,其中眉状中尺度涡有两种作用.一种是直接作用,在0~11h,眉状中尺度涡引入后,TC外区风场呈现非对称结构,100~300km圆环区经向风速平均值大于零,直接导致TC向偏北方向移动.另一种是间接作用,从初始非轴对称流型启动,TC环流经历了一个轴对称化的过程.在12h以后,轴对称化的TC的空间尺度加大,TC非对称结构改变,TC能量频散高值系统环境场引导流增强,间接导致TC移速加快,移向向北偏折.在直接、间接的作用下,TC移动具有异常路径的特征.这个异常路径的形成可以归因于环境场引导气流、TC非对称结构和非对称对流系统三者的共同作用.

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