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北半球平流层准定常行星波与平均流的相互作用及其对ENSO事件的响应

, PP. 10-23

Keywords: 平流层,准定常行星波,波-流相互作用,ENSO

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Abstract:

?利用ERA-40再分析资料和ECHAM5/MPI-OM模式输出资料分析了北半球平流层准定常行星波与平均流相互作用及其对ENSO事件的响应.结果表明,准定常行星波在冬季活动最强,并分别沿极地和低纬两支波导传播,准定常行星波活动的三维结构显示45°N以北的欧亚大陆和北太平洋是行星波活动的源.行星波的传播特征清晰地表现出平均流对波动的影响,而行星波上传至平流层后与平均流相互作用则会使纬向西风减弱.通过对ElNi?o事件和LaNi?a事件的合成分析发现,北半球冬季行星波对ENSO事件有显著的响应.与LaNi?a事件相比较,ElNi?o事件发生时行星波在平流层的向上传播明显增强,并且更偏向极地;波流相互作用的结果使得纬向平均风场呈现出偶极子型变化,即中低纬西风增强,而高纬平流层西风减弱.通过对比模式模拟结果和再分析资料结果发现,尽管平流层中的模拟结果仍然比再分析资料中略偏弱,但ECHAM5/MPI-OM模式对行星波活动气候态的模拟总体较好,且比以往的模式结果有很大提高.但是,模式中行星波对ENSO事件的响应与再分析资料结果差别较大,不论是波动振幅还是行星波与平均流的相互作用都只在对流层中有较好的反映,而在平流层中信号非常弱.由此可见,大气环流模式对平流层环流和动力过程的模拟仍然有待进一步的提高.

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