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大气中硝基多环芳烃的研究进展

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Keywords: 大气污染物,硝基多环芳烃,汽车尾气

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Abstract:

?随着全球经济的快速发展,越来越多的工业和机动车废气排放到大气环境中,造成的污染已经严重影响人们的生活生产.其中具有代表性的大气污染物硝基多环芳烃因表现出显著的致突变和致癌活性受到关注.大气中硝基多环芳烃的来源有两个:化石燃料或有机物的不完全燃烧和多环芳烃发生大气光化学反应生成,它们在大气中分布广泛,浓度易随季节、机动车数量和地理位置等因素的改变而变化.目前,实验室检测到的大气中硝基多环芳烃浓度非常低,仅pgm3水平,但毒理实验却证明部分硝基多环芳烃的致突变性与相应未被取代多环芳烃相比可高达100000倍,可见大气中痕量的硝基多环芳烃对人类健康的危害是不容忽视的.本文着重阐述了大气中硝基多环芳烃的研究现状,包括其来源、浓度水平及影响因素、生物遗传毒性、分析方法等,并对其未来研究方向和趋势作了展望.

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