全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
草业科学  2014 

留茬高度对黑麦草╋白三叶草地植物补偿性生长的影响

DOI: 10.11829\j.issn.1001-0629.2013-0421, PP. 927-934

Keywords: 刈割,留茬高度,补偿性生长,黑麦草+白三叶草地,功能群

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

?以我国南方广泛分布的黑麦草(Loliumperenne)+白三叶(Trifoliumrepens)退化草地为研究对象,探讨了不同留茬高度刈割处理下草地群落、功能群和主要优势物种补偿性生长的响应模式。研究表明,刈割能提高黑麦草+白三叶草地地上生物量,高茬(12cm,HC)和低茬(6cm,LC)刈割均能实现群落地上生物量正补偿性生长;禾草和杂类草在低茬和中茬(9cm,MC)等较大刈割强度下仍能获得较高补偿性生长;豆科牧草地上生物量在高茬及中茬等适度刈割处理下为超补偿生长模式,补偿指数G/C分别为1.20和1.23,在低茬刈割下为低补偿模式(G/C=0.98)。表明豆科牧草的补偿性生长受刈割强度影响较大,在草地管理过程中可通过合适的留茬高度来提高豆科牧草的产量。而菊科类植物在3种留茬高度下均表现为G/C<1(介于0.31~0.48),显示出明显的欠补偿特征。通过对不同留茬高度处理地上生物量与根系生物量分配关系分析发现,禾草类地上补偿性生长有可能是通过改变植株的生物量分配模式来实现的;杂类草和菊科植物则是由地上部分生长与根系协同生长完成;刈割对豆科植物的影响主要体现在地上部分,其根系生长具有相对独立性。群落和功能群水平的地上生物量补偿性生长最终都是由各优势物种不同响应模式来实现的。该研究结果对于解释放牧和刈割等利用方式对黑麦草+白三叶混播草地的种群结构变化、生物量构成和再生特性影响等具有一定的参考价值。

References

[1]  何峰,李向林,万里强.生长季降水量和刈割强度对羊草群落地上生物量的影响.草业科学,2009,26(4):28-32.
[2]  Trlica M J,Rittenhouse L R.Grazing and plant performance.Ecological Applications,1993,3(1):21-23.
[3]  Mcnaughton S J.Compensatory plant growth as a response to herbivory.Oikos,1983,40:329-336.
[4]  Holland E J,Daya S M,Stone E M,Folberg R,Dobler A A,Cameron J D,Doughman D J.Avellino corneal dystrophy:Clinical manifestations and natural history.Ophthalmology,1992,99:1564-1568.
[5]  Meyer G A.Mechanisms promoting recovery from defoliation in goldenrod (Solidago altissima).Canadian Journal of Botany,1998,76:450-459.
[6]  Hoogesteger J,Karlsson P S.Effects of defoliation on radial stem growth and photosynthesis in the mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp.tortuosa).Functional Ecology,1992,6:317-323.
[7]  Brown J R,Archer S R.Woody plant invasion of grasslands:Establishment of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) on sites differing in herbaceous biomass and grazing history.Oecologia,1989,80:19-26.
[8]  Caldwell M M,Richards J H,Johnson D A,Nowak R S,Dzurec R S.Coping with herbivory:Photosynthetic capacity and resource allocation in two semiarid Agrogyron bunchgrasses.Oecologia,1981,50:14-24.
[9]  Cable D R.Partial defoliation simulates growth of Arizona cottontop.Range Management,1982,35(5):591-593.
[10]  张新时,李博,史培军.南方草地资源开发利用对策研究.自然资源学报,1998,13(1):1-7.
[11]  Fulkerson W J,Michell P J.The effect of height and frequency of mowing on the yield and composition of perennial ryegrass-white clover swards in the autumn to spring period.Grass and Forage Science,1987,42(2):169-174.
[12]  杨允菲,傅林谦,朱琳.亚热带中山黑麦草与白三叶混播草地种群数量消长及相互作用的分析.草地学报,1995,3(2):103-111.
[13]  袁福锦,吴文荣,金显栋,李红云,杨国荣,钟声,薛世明,黄必志.鸭茅+白三叶型混播放牧草地肉牛生产系统优化研究.草业科学,2011,28(9):1706-1710.
[14]  于应文,蒋文兰,冉繁军,徐震,王元素.混播草地不同种群再生性的研究.应用生态学报,2002,17(8):930-934.
[15]  Belsky A J.Does herbivory benefit plants? A review of the evidence.American Naturalist,1986,127:870-892.
[16]  Paige K N,Whitham T G.Overcompensation in response to mammalian herbivory:the advantage of being eaten.American Naturalist,1992,129:407-416.
[17]  韩国栋,李博,卫智军,杨静,吕雄,李宏.短花针茅草原放牧系统植物补偿性生长的研究:I.植物净生长量.草地学报,1997,7(1):1-7.
[18]  Hilert D W,Swift D M,Detling J K,Dyer M I.Relative growth rates and the grazing optimization hypothesis.Oecologia,1981,51:14-18.
[19]  Hicks S,Turkington R.Compensatory growth of three herbaceous perennial species:the effect of clipping and nutrient availability.Conidia Journal of Botany,2000,78(6):759-757.
[20]  Damhoureyeh S A,Hartnett D C.Variation in grazing tolerance among three tallgrass prairie plant species.American Journal of Botany,2002,89:1634-1643.
[21]  樊江文,钟华平,梁飚,杜占池.在不同压力和干扰条件下黑麦草和其他六种植物的竞争研究.植物生态学,2003,27(4):522-530.
[22]  徐震,于应文,常生华.放牧强度对黑麦草/白三叶混播草地种群牧草产量构成与年生产力的影响.草业学报,2003,12(5):31-69.
[23]  Yu Y W,Nan Z B,Matthew C.Population relationships of perennial ryegrass and white clover mixtures under differing grazing intensities.Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment,2008,124:40-50.
[24]  周姗姗,孙红,廖加法,于应文.放牧对黑麦草+白三叶混播草地植被构成的作用.草业科学,2012,29(5):814-820.
[25]  罗天琼,罗绍薇,李晨琼,陈培燕,蒋志霞.混播草地建植、施肥和割草利用优化模式研究.草业科学,2006,23(3):84-88.
[26]  田冠平,朱志红,李英年.刈割、施肥和浇水对垂穗披碱草补偿生长的影响.生态学杂志,2010,29(5):869-875.
[27]  Dyer M I,Turner C L,Seastedt T R.Herbivory and its consequences.Ecological Applications,1993,3:10-16.
[28]  李馨,熊康宁,龚进宏,陈永毕.人工草地在喀斯特石漠化治理中的作用及其研究现状.草业学报,2011,20(6):279-286.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133