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草业科学  2014 

中国沿海互花米草遗传多样性及其遗传结构

DOI: 10.11829\j.issn.1001-0629.2014-0088, PP. 1290-1297

Keywords: 互花米草,基因片段,遗传多样性,遗传结构

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Abstract:

?扩增互花米草(Spartinaalternifora)叶绿体trnT-trnL和线粒体nad1两个基因片段,采用PCR产物直接测序法,测定中国沿海地区20个样点的基因序列,并根据互花米草的表型差异将中国沿海互花米草划分为南部、中部和北部3个种群,探讨不同种群互花米草的遗传结构和遗传多样性。结果表明,这两个基因片段的3个多态性位点可将中国沿海地区互花米草分为4种单倍型,种群的单倍型多样性指数(Hd)为0.189,Indel单倍型多样性指数(IndelHd)为0.542,多样性全部来自种群内部;各种群的遗传距离平均值为0.028,南部种群和北部、中部种群之间基因分化系数(Gst)分别为0.01582、0.00415,固定指数(Fst)均为0。本研究表明,中国沿海地区互花米草遗传多样性低,具有明显的瓶颈效应,南部、中部和北部3大种群没有发生遗传分化,推测可能是表型可塑性在3大种群的表型变异上起了更大作用。另外,本研究还指出上海崇明岛互花米草种群在遗传水平上具有一定的特殊性。

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