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一个通用岛屿生物地理学模型

, PP. 1196-1202

Keywords: 岛屿生物地理学,成种,迁入,绝灭,面积,隔离,物种丰富度,岛屿发育

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Abstract:

MacArthur-Wilson的平衡理论是生态学中最有影响力的理论之一,尽管进化的重要性早已认识到,但进化因素一直没有很好地整合到岛屿生物地理学模型中.本文通过在经典MacArthur-Wilson模型中整合成种及其他相关因素提出了一个更通用的综合模型.模型证实成种对岛屿上物种丰富度和特有种的形成具有重要作用,并且在满足一定条件时成种对局域物种多样性的作用可超过迁入的作用,这些条件与平均每物种成种率、绝灭率以及岛屿特征有关,但与迁入率无关.当其他参数固定时,模型预测,大岛具较大但不是最大的特有种比例.基于这一模型,可以预测海洋岛上物种丰富度和特有种的变化,预测结论与实际观察的一致.本文提出的模型为重新评估成种的作用和岛屿物种多样性数据,尤其是对那些偏离MacArthur-Wilson模型的数据进行重新分析提供了一个新方法.

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