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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶中SDD功能区的突变分析

, PP. 649-659

Keywords: SDD,RNA,依赖性RNA聚合酶,猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒,套式病毒目,复制,进化

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Abstract:

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒PRRSV亚基因组的转录和基因组的复制由病毒复制酶引导.病毒首先合成两个多聚蛋白,随后多聚蛋白被加工分解成若干较小的非结构蛋白(nsps),从而产生了复制酶.病毒复制酶所在的nsp9含有特异性的功能性序列模体,在正链RNA病毒的RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶RdRp中共同含有这些保守的序列模体.为了验证PRRSV所特有的SDD模体是否能够替换为其他RNA病毒相应所含有的保守模体,以及SDD的每一个氨基酸对于RdRp催化活性的影响,将其分别替换为多种不同的氨基酸.研究发现,只有将nsp9中SDD替换为GDD,即丝氨酸替换为甘氨酸S3050G时,才能拯救出病毒,并且传代后此病毒在遗传上是稳定的.改变SDD中的任何一个天门冬氨酸都对病毒是致死性的,突变后破坏了聚合酶的活性和RdRp的翻译功能,但却没有使RdRp失去复制功能.所以研究认为,SDD模体是PRRSV的RdRp所特有和保守的,不能被替换为除GDD外的其他RNA病毒所含有的保守模体,套式病毒与其他正链RNA病毒在进化上具有一定的联系.研究表明,SDD模体的两个天门冬氨酸对于PRRSV亚基因组的转录是不可缺少的;从进化上看,SDD模体可能是正链RNA病毒GDD模体的一种变异形式.

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