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发育的基因调控:同源异形盒的发现及其意义

, PP. 606-618

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Abstract:

美国科学家摩尔根(ThomasMorgan)实验室的主要贡献在遗传学,但在其研究过程中,从20世纪10年代起就找到了导致发育变化的基因突变.不过,最初几十年果蝇研究者的重点是遗传学,而非发育生物学.19世纪后期,德国WilhelmRoux等开创实验胚胎学导致第一个发育生物学高潮后,20世纪20年代,以德国HansSpemann为代表的科学家用两栖类研究推出发育生物学的第二个高潮.而20世纪30~70年代,果蝇研究整体处于相对寒冷期,其他一些生物(如粗糙链孢霉、玉米、细菌、噬菌体等)对遗传学有贡献.在缺乏普遍关注果蝇发育的环境中,20世纪50~70年代,加州理工学院的EdwardB.Lewis通过遗传学仔细分析果蝇发育的突变,深刻思考基因的规律.

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