4 Men X Y, Ge F, Yardim E N, et al. Evaluation of winter wheat as a potential relay crop for enhancing biological control of cotton aphids in seedling cotton. Biocontrol, 2004, 49: 701-714
[2]
5 Root R B. Organization of a plant-arthropod association in simple and diverse habitats-fauna of Collards (Brassica-Oleracea). Ecol Monogr, 1973, 43: 95-120
[3]
6 Wenninger E J, Inouye R S. Insect community response to plant diversity and productivity in a sagebrush-steppe ecosystem. J Arid Environ, 2008, 72: 24-33
8 Cardinale B J, Srivastava D S, Duffy J E, et al. Effects of biodiversity on the functioning of trophic groups and ecosystems. Nature, 2006, 443: 989-992
[6]
9 Haddad N M, Tilman D, Haarstad J, et al. Contrasting effects of plant richness and composition on insect communities: a field experiment. Am Nat, 2001, 158: 17-35
[7]
10 Landis D A, Wratten S D, Gurr G M. Habitat management to conserve natural enemies of arthropod pests in agriculture. Annu Rev Entomol, 2000, 45: 175-201
[8]
11 Menalled F D, Costamagna A C, Marino P C, et al. Temporal variation in the response of parasitoids to agricultural landscape structure. Agr Ecosyst Environ, 2003, 96: 29-35
13 Girma H, Rao M R, Day R, et al. Abundance of insect pests and ther effects on biomass yields of single vs. multi-species planted fallows. Agroforestry Syst, 2006, 68: 93-102
[11]
14 Zhao Z H, He D H, Hui C. From the inverse density-area relationship to the minimum patch size of a host-parasitoid system. Ecol Res, 2012, 27: 303-309
[12]
15 Parker M, Nally R M. Habitat loss and the habitat fragmentation threshold: an experimental evaluation of impacts on richness and total abundances using grassland invertebrates. Biol Conserv, 2002, 105: 217-229
[13]
16 Trichard A, Alignier A, Biju-Duval L, et al. The relative effects of local management and landscape context on weed seed predation and carabid functional groups. Basic Appl Ecol, 2013, 14: 235-245
[14]
17 Huang Y, Martin L M, Isbell F I, et al. Is community persistence related to diversity? A test with prairie species in a long-term experiment. Basic Appl Ecol, 2013, 14: 199-207
[15]
18 With K A, Pavuk D M. Habitat area trumps fragmentation effects on arthropods in an experimental landscape system. Landscape Ecol, 2011, 26: 1035-1048
[16]
19 Hamback P A, Englund G. Patch area, population density and the scaling of migration rates: the resource concentration hypothesis revisited. Ecol Lett, 2005, 8: 1057-1065
[17]
20 Tscharntke T, Bommarco R, Clough Y, et al. Conservation biological control and enemy diversity on a landscape scale. Biol Control, 2008, 45: 238-253
[18]
21 Werling B P, Gratton C. Influence of field margins and landscape context on ground beetle diversity in Wisconsin (USA) potato fields. Agr Ecosyst Environ, 2008, 128: 104-108
23 Dai J J, Sun L Q, Yang Z H. A general additive-multiplicative rates model for recurrent event data. Sci China Math, 2009, 52: 2257-2265
[21]
24 Frank T, Kehrli P, Germann C. Density and nutritional condition of carabid beetles in wildflower areas of different age. Agr Ecosyst Environ, 2007, 120: 377-383
[22]
25 Gagic V, Tscharntke T, Dormann C F, et al. Food web structure and biocontrol in a four-trophic level system across a landscape complexity gradient. P Roy Soc B-Biol Sci, 2011, 278: 2946-2953
[23]
26 Jonsson M, Buckley H L, Case B S, et al. Agricultural intensification drives landscape-context effects on host-parasitoid interactions in agroecosystems. J Appl Ecol, 2012, 49: 706-714
[24]
27 Lundy M G, Buckley D J, Boston E S M, et al. Behavioural context of multi-scale species distribution models assessed by radio-tracking. Basic Appl Ecol, 2012, 13: 88-195
[25]
28 Matsumoto T, Itioka T, Nishida T. Cascading effects of a specialist parasitoid on plant biomass in a Citrus agroecosystem. Ecol Res, 2003, 18: 651-659
[26]
29 Stein C, Auge H, Fischer M, et al. Dispersal and seed limitation affect diversity and productivity of montane grasslands. Oikos, 2008, 117: 1469-1478
[27]
30 Tilman D, Reich P B, Knops J, et al. Diversity and productivity in a long-term grassland experiment. Science, 2001, 294: 843-845
[28]
1 戈峰. 昆虫生态学的理论与方法. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2008
[29]
2 Andow D A. Vegetational diversity and arthropod population response. Annu Rev Entomol, 1991, 36: 561-586
[30]
3 Scherber C, Mwangi P N, Temperton V M, et al. Effects of plant diversity on invertebrate herbivory in experimental grassland. Oecologia, 2006, 147: 489-500
[31]
31 Singh S P, Sah P, Tyagi V, et al. Species diversity contributes to productivity-evidence from natural grassland communities of the Himalaya. Curr Sci India, 2005, 89: 548-552
[32]
32 Fornara D A, Tilman D. Ecological mechanisms associated with the positive diversity-productivity relationship in an N-limited grassland. Ecology, 2009, 90: 408-418
[33]
33 Werling B P, Gratton C. Local and broadscale landscape structure differentially impact predation of two potato pests. Ecol Appl, 2010, 20: 1114-1125
[34]
34 Schmidt-Entling M H, Dobeli J. Sown wildflower areas to enhance spiders in arable fields. Agr Ecosyst Environ, 2009, 133: 19-22
[35]
35 Pluess T, Opatovsky I, Gavish-Regev E, et al. Non-crop habitats in the landscape enhance spider diversity in wheat fields of a desert agroecosystem. Agr Ecosyst Environ, 2010, 137: 68-74
[36]
36 D’Alberto C F, Hoffmann A A, Thomson L J. Limited benefits of non-crop vegetation on spiders in Australian vineyards: regional or crop differences? Biocontrol, 2012, 57: 541-552
[37]
37 Hui C, Boonzaaier C, Boyero L. Estimating changes in species abundance from occupancy and aggregation. Basic Appl Ecol, 2012, 13: 169-17
[38]
38 Messelink G J, Bloemhard C M J, Sabelis M W, et al. Biological control of aphids in the presence of thrips and their enemies. Biocontrol, 2013, 58: 45-55
[39]
39 Schmidt M H, Thies C, Nentwig W, et al. Contrasting responses of arable spiders to the landscape matrix at different spatial scales. J Biogeogr, 2008, 35: 157-166
41 Zaviezo T, Grez A A, Estades C F, et al. Effects of habitat loss, habitat fragmentation, and isolation on the density, species richness, and distribution of ladybeetles in manipulated alfalfa landscapes. Ecol Entomol, 2006, 31: 646-656
[42]
42 Grez A, Zaviezo T, Tischendorf L, et al. A transient, positive effect of habitat fragmentation on insect population densities. Oecologia, 2004, 141: 444-451
45 Tscharntke T, Tylianakis J M, Rand T A, et al. Landscape moderation of biodiversity patterns and processes-eight hypotheses. Biol Rev, 2012, 87: 661-685
[46]
46 Cobbold S M, MacMahon J A. Guild mobility affects spider diversity: links between foraging behavior and sensitivity to adjacent vegetation structure. Basic Appl Ecol, 2012, 13: 597-605
[47]
47 Katsanis A, Babendreier D, Nentwig W, et al. Intraguild predation between the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis and non-target European coccinellid species. Biocontrol, 2013, 58: 73-83
[48]
48 Géneau C E, W？ckers F L, Luka H, et al. Selective flowers to enhance biological control of cabbage pests by parasitoids. Basic Appl Ecol, 2012, 13: 85-93
