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中国东华北部分地区玉米主推品种高产氮高效潜力分析

, PP. 342-350

Keywords: 玉米,氮效率,高产氮高效

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Abstract:

选育高产与养分高效的粮食品种(高产高效品种)是解决中国粮食安全和资源、环境问题的重要途径之一,但是利用氮高效品种实现玉米节氮增产的潜力并不清楚.本研究对中国东华北主栽玉米品种在8个环境下进行了产量及氮效率评价,以期为玉米高产氮高效育种提供依据.结果表明,在适宜的低氮胁迫下(减产幅度为25%~60%),玉米产量的基因型×氮互作效应显著,能够筛选到不同类型的氮效率品种.目前东华北玉米主推品种中,在高产栽培条件下,高产氮高效品种(包括双高效型和高氮高效型两种类型)的增产幅度为8%~10%,节氮潜力达到16%~21%.在低氮胁迫下,耐低氮品种具有增产12%的潜力.选育高产氮高效玉米品种是实现增产节氮的可行途径.

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