白背飞虱的迁飞生物学：安徽潜山个例分析

(1南京农业大学植物保护学院昆虫学系农作物生物灾害综合治理教育部和农业部重点实验室南京210095；2广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所广州510640；3安徽省潜山县植保站潜山246300)摘要通过田间系统调查与雌虫卵巢系统解剖研究了2008—2010年潜山混作稻区白背飞虱sogatellafurcifera(horváth)的种群动态以及各发生世代的虫源性质，并结合2005年以来的灯诱及田间普查资料分析了造成不同年份白背飞虱种群消长态势差异性的主要原因。结果表明：（1）第3、4代白背飞虱分别在8月初和9月上中旬有2个发生高峰期，其中第3代主害单季中稻，第4代主害双季晚稻。（2）单季中稻和双季晚稻田白背飞虱各发生世代的虫源性质有所不同，中稻田四（2）代后期、五（3）代前期属于本地滞留、部分迁出，五（3）代后期属于大部迁出、少量滞留为害；而晚稻田五（3）代后期为基本迁入型，六（4）代前期为本地繁殖、少量迁出型，六（4）代后期大部迁出。（3）前期迁入虫量会影响田间2、3代种群数量，中稻田第3代滞留虫量的多少是影响双晚田后期发生量的重要因素，而降雨、温度等气象因子则是影响主害代（第3代）种群迁出与滞留的关键因子。关键词白背飞虱，卵巢发育，发生动态，种群性质migratorybiologyofthewhitebackedplanthoppersogatellafurcifera(horváth):casestudiesinqianshan,anhuiprovinceyangfan1**zhengdabing1zhaoyun1wangli1xuyangyang1qiguojun1,2xujinfeng3wucailing3zhangxiaoxi1chengxianian1zhaibaoping1***（1departmentofentomology,collegeofplantprotection,nanjingagriculturaluniversity,keylaboratoryofintegratedmanagementofcropdiseasesandinsectpests(ministryofeducation,ministryofagricultureofchina),nanjing210095,china；2instituteofplantprotection,guangdongacademyofagriculturalsciences,guangzhou510640,china；3qianshanplantprotectionstations,qianshan246300,china）abstractthepopulationdynamicsandcharacteristicsofthewhitebackedplanthoppersogatellafurcifera(horváth)(wbph)inamixedcroppingriceregioninqianshan,anhuiprovince,werestudiedthroughsystematicinvestigationofpopulationdensityandfemaleovarianmaturityfrom2008to2010.themaincausesforthegenerationalandannualvariationinpopulationdynamicswereanalyzedincombinationwithdatafromdailylighttrapcatchesandfieldsurveysconductedsince2005.thefollowingresultswereobtained:(1)wbphhadtwomaindensitypeakswhichoccurinearlyaugustandmidseptemberduringthe3rdand4thgenerations,respectively.the3rdgeneration,whichcomprisesthefirstpeakofinfestation,mainlydamagedsinglecroppedricefieldswhereasthe4thgenerationaffecteddoublecropped,lateseasonricefields.(2)thepopulationcharacteristicsofeachgenerationofwbphinsinglecroppedmidseasonricefieldsweredifferentfromthoseindoublecroppedlateseasonricefields.intheformer,mostwbphwereresidentswithsomeimmigrantsduringthelatestageofthe2ndgenerationandtheearlystageofthe3rdgeneration.however,duringthelatestageofthe3rdgenerationtheywerebemostlyimmigrantswithafewresidents.incontrast,indoublecroppedlateseasonricefields,thepopulationwascomprisedpredominantlyofimmigrantsduringthelatestageofthe3rdgenerationandtheearlystageofthe4thgeneration.theseinsectsbredanddevelopedbeforefinallyemigratingduringthelatestageofthe4thgeneration.(3)thenumberofearlyimmigrantswasthekeyfactordeterminingfluctuationsintheabundanceofthe2ndand3rdgeneration,andtheproportionof3rdgen