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Mathematics  2015 

The timing of life history events in presence of soft disturbances

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Abstract:

We study a model for the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) used by biological populations for choosing the time of life-history events, such as migration and breeding. In our model we accounted for both intra-species competition (early individuals have a competitive advantage) and a disturbance which strikes at a random time, killing a fraction $1-p$ of the population. Disturbances include spells of bad weather, such as freezing or heavily raining days. It has been shown in Iwasa and Levin (1995), that when $p=0$, then the ESS is a mixed strategy, where individuals wait for a certain time and afterwards start arriving (or breeding) every day. We remove the constraint $p=0$ and show that if $0

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