Stable One-Dimensional Periodic Wave in Kerr-Type and Quadratic Nonlinear Media

We present the propagation of optical beams and the properties of one-dimensional (1D) spatial solitons (“bright” and “dark”) in saturated Kerr-type and quadratic nonlinear media. Special attention is paid to the recent advances of the theory of soliton stability. We show that the stabilization of bright periodic waves occurs above a certain threshold power level and the dark periodic waves can be destabilized by the saturation of the nonlinear response, while the dark quadratic waves turn out to be metastable in the broad range of material parameters. The propagation of (1