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冰川冻土  2014 

甘肃河西走廊地区气候暖湿转型后的最新事实

DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0133, PP. 1111-1121

Keywords: 河西走廊,暖湿转型,季节降水,雨日,雨强

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Abstract:

应用1981-2011年甘肃省河西走廊地区19台站逐日降水资料,研究了该区域年和四季降水量、雨日、降水强度的气候变化特征.结果表明整个河西走廊秋季及酒泉市东部到张掖市冬季降水呈显著增加;夏季雨日显著减少,秋季雨日显著增加;秋季降水强度普遍增强.与1990年代相比,2000年代秋季、春季和冬季降水量占年降水量的比重分别提高了9.4%、3.9%和1.8%,仍有暖湿化倾向,其中,秋季暖湿化显著,而夏季降水比重却减少了15.3%,有暖干化趋势.2000年代降水量、雨日和降水强度极端气候事件明显增加从季节看,秋季发生频率最高,约占同季全部极端事件的80%左右,其次是夏季和冬季,各占60%,春季和年各占50%;从要素看,雨日发生频率最高,占全部极端事件的近70%,降水量次之,占60%,雨强占50%.与1990年代相比,2000年代500hPa、200hPa和700hPa高度场、相对湿度及比湿有明显的年代际变化,对秋季降水有利而对夏季降水不利.

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