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冰川冻土  2007 

基于GIS的玛旁雍错流域冰川地貌及现代冰川湖泊变化研究

, PP. 517-524

Keywords: 玛旁雍错,遥感,地理信息系统,冰川地貌,冰川变化,湖泊变化

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Abstract:

基于多源多时相的数字遥感影像、地形图和DEM数据,利用遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,对西藏玛旁雍错流域冰川地貌类型和空间分布进行了研究,并对流域内近30a来冰川和湖泊的变化进行分析.结果表明1974—2003年玛旁雍错流域冰川总面积减少了7.27km2,平均退缩速率0.24km2·a-1;湖泊总面积减少37.58km2,平均退缩速率1.25km2·a-1.多时相的监测表明,冰川在加速退缩,且阳坡冰川的消融速度大于阴坡,坡度陡、面积小的冰川消融比例大于坡度缓、面积较大的冰川;湖泊面积先减少后有所增加,但总面积还是减少了,不少小湖泊消失.分析流域附近气象资料可知,气温上升和降水量减少是玛旁雍错流域内冰川消融与退缩的主要原因.

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