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冰川冻土  2012 

1957-2009年中国台站观测的关键积雪参数时空变化特征

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Keywords: 积雪,积雪密度,积雪深度,雪水当量,时空特征,气候变化

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Abstract:

利用1957-2009年中国地面气象台站观测积雪资料分析表明,中国年平均雪深、雪水当量、积雪密度分别为0.49cm、0.7mm、0.14g·cm-3.平均来说,三者在青藏高原地区都是最小的,在西北地区均较大;空间上,中国年平均雪深和雪水当量大值区位于东北和新疆北部,以及青藏高原西南部的小部分区域;中国大部分地区年平均积雪密度在0.14g·cm-3以下,3大稳定积雪区积雪密度略高.1957-2009年,中国及各区域年平均雪深和雪水当量均表现为波动增加趋势,但不显著;空间上雪深的显著正趋势主要位于内蒙古东部、东北北部、新疆西北部和青藏高原东北部;雪水当量与雪深类似,但正趋势范围不如前者广,负趋势范围则较大.

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