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冰川冻土  2012 

喜马拉雅山珠峰绒布冰川流域径流模拟

, PP. 1449-1459

Keywords: 喜马拉雅山,绒布冰川,水文模型,径流模拟,HYCYMODEL

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Abstract:

基于2009年5-10月喜马拉雅山北坡珠峰绒布冰川流域实测水文气象数据、50m分辨率DEM和中国第一次冰川编目资料,在HYCYMODEL水文模型中加入冰川消融子模块,模拟了绒布冰川流域径流过程.冰川消融子模块以海拔5180m基站的实测日气温、日降水作为模型输入,把气温、降水插值到该流域40个高程带中,分别计算各高程带的冰川消融和裸地蒸发,并考虑液态降水对冰面的加热作用.野外气象观测表明2009年5-10月流域海拔5180~5750m内,月气温递减率在0.63~0.73℃·(100m)-1之间,均值为0.70℃·(100m)-1;同期降水观测显示,海拔5180m以下降水梯度为-7.3mm·(100m)-1,该高度之上降水梯度为22mm·(100m)-1.HYCYMODEL水文模型的敏感性检验表明,该流域径流变化主要受气温影响,降水变化引起的径流变化较小,气温和降水变化对流域径流的影响是非线性的.

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