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冰川冻土  2012 

近40a来青藏高原地区总辐射变化特征分析

, PP. 1319-1327

Keywords: 青藏高原,总辐射,天文辐射,日照百分率,变差系数

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Abstract:

利用青藏高原及周边22个日射站近40a的总辐射及日照百分率资料确定了Angstrom-Prescott模型(APM)系数,结合高原及毗邻地区116个地面站的资料估算了高原地区近40a的总辐射.结果表明高原主体光照充沛,年均日照时数可达3000h以上,有较好的利用前景;总辐射40a平均年总量在高原西部为高值区,此高值带向东北和东南延伸,其中北支可抵达内蒙古高原.年代际变化在高原及周边地区不一致,但从整体上看,总辐射距平值60、70年代为正值,表明这一时期高原总辐射增大;80、90年代总辐射距平为负,这一时期总辐射减小.火山活动是该时段总辐射减小的一个重要原因;总辐射随着纬度的增大而减小,随着海拔、日照百分率的增大而增大.纬度、海拔、日照3个因子中,日照是总辐射的一个主要影响因子,纬度对总辐射影响较大,海拔对总辐射影响较小;高原地区总辐射变差系数大值区在高原西部.就平均状况而言,高原地区总辐射变差系数仅为0.031,表明高原地区总辐射波动相对较小,总辐射较稳定.

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