全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
冰川冻土  2012 

黑河下游典型生态系统水分补给源及优势植物水分来源研究

, PP. 1478-1486

Keywords: 稳定氢氧同位素组成(&delta,18O、,&delta,D),黑河下游极端干旱区,植物水分来源

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

通过对黑河源区降水、黑河下游河岸林生态系统、人工梭梭林生态系统梭梭及戈壁红砂生态系统土壤水和浅层地下水稳定氢氧同位素组成(δD、δ18O)的测定,对黑河下游典型生态系统土壤水和浅层地下水的补给源进行了研究.同时通过对比分析河岸林生态系统胡杨和柽柳、人工梭梭林生态系统梭梭及戈壁红砂生态系统红砂等优势植物根系水及其对应的土壤水及浅层地下水的δ18O,对黑河下游典型荒漠植物水分来源进行了研究,并对不同潜在水源对植物水分来源的贡献率进行了计算.结果表明河岸林生态系统和人工梭梭林生态系统的土壤水和浅层地下水来自黑河源区的降水,源区降水通过黑河河道输水补给河岸林进而形成土壤水和浅层地下水,但人工梭梭林的土壤水蒸发作用强烈.戈壁红砂生态系统由于远离黑河,土壤水不受黑河源区中上游输水的补给.就植物水分来源而言,在河岸林生态系统中,乔木胡杨主要利用40~60cm的土壤水和地下水,灌木柽柳主要利用40~80cm的土壤水;人工梭梭主要利用200cm至饱和层土壤水和地下水;戈壁红砂主要利用175~200cm的土壤水.因此,在黑河下游极端干旱区,土壤水和地下水是维持荒漠植物生存、生长及发育的主要来源.

References

[1]  Ehleringer J R, Dawson T E. Water uptake by plants: perspectives from stable isotope composition [J]. Plant Cell Environment, 1992,15: 1073-1082.
[2]  Brunel J P, Walker G R, Keennett-Smith A K. Field validation of isotopic procedures for determining source water used by plants in semi-arid environment [J]. Journal of Hydrology, 1995, 167: 351-368.
[3]  Rodney A C, David J C. Using stable oxygen isotopes to quantify the water source used for transpiration by native shrubs in the San Luis Valley, Colorado U.S.A [J]. Plant and Soil, 2004,260: 225-236.
[4]  Ehleringer J R, Phillips S L, Schuster W S F, et al. Differential utilization of summer rains by desert plants [J]. Oecologia, 1991, 88: 430-434.
[5]  Thorburn P J, Walker G R. The source of water transpired by Eucalyptus camaldulensis: soil, groundwater, or streams?[M]//Ehleringer J, Hall A, Farqubar G. Stable Isotopes and Plant Carbon-Water Relations. San Diego : Academic Press Inc., 1993: 511-527.
[6]  Dawson T E, Ehleringer J R. Stream side trees that do not use stream water [J]. Nature, 1991, 350: 335-337.
[7]  Kolb T E, Hart S C, Amundson A. Water source and physiology at perennial and ephemeral stream sites in Arizona [J]. Tree Physiology, 1997, 17: 151-160.
[8]  Smith S D, Wellington A B, Nachlinger J L, et al. Functional responses of riparian vegetation to streamflow diversions in eastern Sierra Nevada[J]. Ecological Application, 1991, 1: 89-97.
[9]  Cao Yanli, Lu Qi, Lin Guanghu. Review and perspective on hydrogen stable isotopes technique in tracing plant water sources researches[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinca. 2002, 21(1): 111-117. [曹燕丽, 卢琦, 林光辉. 氢稳定性同位素确定植物水源的应用与前景[J]. 生态学报, 2002,21(1): 111-117.]
[10]  Ohte N, Koba K, Yoshikawa K, et al. Water utilization of natural and planted trees in the semi-arid desert of Inner Mongolia, China [J]. Ecological Applications, 2003,13: 337-351.
[11]  Zhao Liangju, Xiao Honglang, Cheng Guodong, et al. A preliminary study of water sources of riparian plants in the lower reaches of the Heihe Basin [J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2008, 29(6): 709-718. [赵良菊, 肖洪浪, 程国栋, 等. 稳定氧同位素在植物水分来源研究中的应用——以黑河下游河岸林植物为例[J]. 地球学报, 2008, 29(6): 709-718.]
[12]  Si Jianhua, Feng Qi, Zhang Xiaoyou, et al. Vegetation changes in the lower reaches of the Heihe River after its water import[J]. Acta Bot. Borea-Occident. Sinica, 2005,25(4): 631-640. [司建华, 冯起, 张小由, 等. 黑河下游分水后的植被变化初步研究[J]. 西北植物学报, 2005, 25(4): 631-640.]
[13]  Xiao Shengchun, Xiao Honglang, Si Jianhua, et al. Study on the sub-diurnal radial growth of thePopulus euphratica[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2010, 32(4): 816-822. [肖生春, 肖洪浪, 司建华, 等. 胡杨(Populus euphratica)径向生长日变化特征分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2010, 32(4):816-822.]
[14]  Dawson T E, Ehleringer J R. Isotopic enrichment of water in the"woody" tissues of plants: implications for plant water source, water uptake, and other studies which use the stable isotopic composition of cellulose [J]. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1993, 57: 3487-3492.
[15]  Nelson S T. A simple, practical methodology for routine VSMOW/SLAP normalization of water samples analyzed by continuous flow methods [J]. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom, 2000, 14: 1044-1046. 3.0.CO;2-3 target="_blank">
[16]  Phillips D L. Mixing models in analysis of diet using multiple stable isotopes: a critique [J]. Oecologia, 2001, 127: 166-170.
[17]  Phillips D L, Gregg J W. Source partitioning using stable isotopes: coping with too many sources [J]. Oecologia, 2003, 136:261-269.
[18]  Dawson T E, Pate J S. Seasonal water uptake and movement in root systems of phraeatophytic plants of dimorphic root morphology: a stable isotope investigation [J]. Oecologia, 1996, 107: 13-20.
[19]  He Jianqiao. Spatial and Temporal Variations of Stable Isotopes of Precipitation and River Water of the Inland River Basin in Hexi, China . Doctor Thesis, Beijing: the Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2011. [贺建桥. 河西内陆河流域降水与河水稳定同位素时空变化特征研究. 博士论文, 北京: 中国科学院研究生院, 2011. ].
[20]  Zimmermann U, Enhalt D, Munnich K O. Soil-water movement and evapotranspiration: changes in the isotopic composition of the water [J]. Isotopes in Hydrology, Vienna, IAEA, 1967: 567-585.
[21]  Allison G B, Hughes, M H. The use of natural tracers as indicators of soil water movement in a temperate semi-arid region [J]. Journal of Hydrology, 1983,60: 157-173.
[22]  Asbjornsen H, Mora G, Matthew J H. Variation in water uptake dynamics among contrasting agricultural and native plant communities in the Midwestern U.S [J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2007, 121: 343-356.
[23]  Synder K A, William D C. Water resources used by riparian trees varies among stream types on the Pedro River, Arizona [J]. Agricultural and Forest Metrology, 2000, 105: 227-240.
[24]  Busch D E , Ingraham N L, Smith S D. Water uptake in woody riparian phreatophytes of the southwestern United States: a stable study[J]. Ecological Application, 1992, 2: 450-459.
[25]  Zhao Wenzhi, Chang Xueli, He Zhibin. Responses of distribution pattern of desert riparian forests to hydrologic process in Ejina oasis [J]. Science in China Series D-Earth Sciences, 2003, 33(Suppl.): 21-30. [赵文智, 常学礼, 何志斌. 额济纳荒漠河岸林分布格局对水文过程响应[J]. 中国科学(D辑), 2003, 33(增刊): 21-30.]
[26]  Fan Zili, Ma Yingjie, Zhang Hong, et al. Research of Eonmater table and rational depth of groundwater of Tarim River Drainage Basin [J]. Arid Land Geography, 2004, 27(1): 8-13. [樊自立, 马英杰, 张宏, 等. 塔里木河流域生态地下水位及其合理深度确定[J]. 干旱区地理, 2004, 27(1): 8-13.]
[27]  Cao Shengkui, Feng Qi, Si Jianhua, et al. Variations of foliar stable carbon isotope composition and water use efficiency in Populus euphraticafor different plots [J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2012, 34(1): 155-160. [曹生奎, 冯起, 司建华, 等. 不同立地条件下胡杨叶片稳定碳同位素组成及水分利用效率的变化[J]. 冰川冻土, 2012, 34(1): 155-160.]
[28]  Mansuer Shabiti, Hu Jiangling. Effects of groundwater characteristics on vegetation in the oasis on the Ugan-Kuqa River delta, Xinjiang region, China [J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2010, 32(2): 422-428. [满苏尔·沙比提, 胡江玲. 新疆渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲地下水特征对天然植被的影响分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2010,32(2): 422-428.]
[29]  Dawson T E, Pausch R C, Parker H M. The role of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in understanding water movement along the soil-plant-atmospheric continuum [M]//Griffiths H, Stable Isotopes: Integration of Biological, Ecological and Geochemical Processes. Oxford: Bios Scientific Publisher Limited, 1998: 169-183.
[30]  Alessio G A, De Lillis M, Brugnoli E, et al. Water sources and water-use efficiency in Mediterranean coastal dune vegetation[J]. Plant Biology, 2004(6): 350-357.
[31]  Gat J R. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in the hydrologic cycle [J]. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 1996,24: 225-262.
[32]  Ehleringer J R, Roden J, Dawson T E. Assessing ecosystem-level water relations through stable isotope ratio analyses [M]//Osvaldo E S, Robert B J, Harold A M, et al. Methods in Ecosystem Science. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2000: 181-198.
[33]  Phillips D L, Newsome S D, Gregg J W. Combining sources in stable isotope mixing models: alternative methods [J]. Oecologia, 2005, 144: 520-527.
[34]  Hall-Aspland S A, Hall A P, Rogers T L. A new approach to the solution of the linear mixing model for a single isotope: application to the case of an opportunistic predator [J]. Oecologia, 2005,143: 143-147.
[35]  White J W C. Stable hydrogen isotope ratios in plants: a review of current theory and some potential application[M]//Rundel P W, Ehleringer J R, Nagy K A. Stable Isotopes in Ecological Research. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1988: 142-162.
[36]  Lin G H, Phillips S L, Ehleringer J R. Monsoonal precipitation responses of shrubs in a cold desert community on the Colorado Plateau[J]. Oecologia, 1996, 106: 8-17.
[37]  Li S G, Tsujimura M, Sugimoto A, et al. Seasonal variation in oxygen isotope composition of waters for a montane larch forest in Mongolia [J]. Trees-Structure and Function, 2006,20: 122-130.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133