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冰川冻土  2012 

天山南坡小尤尔都斯盆地表土孢粉初步研究

, PP. 1526-1534

Keywords: 小尤尔都斯盆地,表土孢粉,美天鹅湖,云杉花粉,主成分分析,A/C比值

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Abstract:

通过天山中部小尤尔都斯盆地南北方向采集的27个表土样品的孢粉分析,探讨了孢粉和植被带的关系及盆地中美天鹅湖的孢粉来源问题.结果表明孢粉组合主要成分是云杉属、菊科、禾本科、蒿属、藜科、唐松草属、莎草科、水龙骨和其他蕨类孢子,表土孢粉组合与各植被带之间有良好的对应关系.主成分分析表明,研究区植被分布主要受温度因素控制.上升气流和水流是影响针叶林带云杉属花粉传播的主要因素,由山谷风从巩乃斯云杉林带来的云杉花粉受到美天鹅湖北侧小山阻挡,沉降在湖泊以南的山坡上,之后随降雨和雪山融水进入美天鹅湖.大部分表土孢粉属种的空间分布与相应的植物分布一致,而蒿属和藜科花粉百分含量在一定程度上代表了区域花粉雨的信号,利用A/C比值重建古环境时须要谨慎.蒿、藜花粉计数较少时,A/C比值波动较大,计数值大于约280粒时,A/C比值趋于稳定.

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