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冰川冻土  2013 

青藏高原东南部贡嘎山海螺沟冰川冰下沉积物形成与变形

DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2013.0129, PP. 1143-1155

Keywords: 海螺沟冰川,冰下融水,冰下变形,冰下过程

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Abstract:

冰岩界面的冰川动力学是冰川系统的重要组成部分,海螺沟冰川地处温暖湿润的海洋环境,冰川运动速度较快,冰川底部接近压融点,是研究冰下过程的较理想地点.在海螺沟冰川大型磨光面上浅显侵蚀坑内发现了碎屑物质.对碎屑物质理化特征研究表明粒度特征、地球化学与石英砂SEM分析表明沉积在冰岩界面上的物质来自于冰川底部的底碛层,而不是冰上环境的产物.偏光显微镜下观察到的冰下沉积物呈现出一系列塑性变形(微旋转、褶皱)和脆性变形(线性结构、支撑结构、断层)微观结构和构造.两种变形结构的存在是碎屑物质在形成过程中其含水量波动情况的反映.冰下碎屑物质是冰下融出、滞碛作用的共同产物.在整个冰下碎屑物质形成与变形过程中,由于冰下水系季节性变化带来的冰岩界面上冰川融水含量的波动起了决定性作用.

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