We have previously
demonstrated that acute treatment with low dose methamphetamine is
neuroprotectivein a rat model of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Using
gene expression analysis, we further showed that methamphetamine treatment
significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes after severe
TBI. Therefore, to further investigate the potential effects of methamphetamine
treatment on the neuroinflammatory response, we examined immunofluorescent
staining of Iba1 and CD68, two marker of neuroinflammation, in the rat lateral
fluid percussion injury model of severe TBI. In this study, we observed
temporal and spatial alterations in the pattern of Iba1 and CD68 labeling
within two weeks after severe TBI. In general, methamphetamine treatment did
not dramatically alter the pattern of Iba1 and CD68 staining. However, we did
observe a unique and significant drug-induced increase of Iba1 labeling within
the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrusat 48 hours post injury. We also
observed rod-shaped Iba1+？cells
within the core lesion in the cortex. These cells showed variable staining with
CD68 and aligned most closely with MAP2+？neuronal processes. Thus, acute
treatment with low-dose methamphetamine after severe TBI caused a transient
bilateral increase of Iba1+？cells
within the granule layer of the dentate gyrus but did not alter the overall
temporal and regional pattern of Iba1 and CD68 staining within the cortex,
periventricular white matter, fimbria, or thalamus.
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