基因编辑技术的方法、原理及应用
Methods, Principles and Application of Gene Editing

DOI: 10.12677/HJBM.2015.53005, PP. 32-41

Keywords: 基因编辑，方法，原理，应用
Gene Editing, Methods, Principles, Application

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Abstract:

基因编辑技术的飞速发展为基因功能研究工作提供了更多有力的工具。近十年来相继出现的锌指核酸酶(FZN)、转录激活子样效应因子核酸酶(TALEN)以及规律性间隔的短回文序列重复簇(CRISPR)已经可以让研究人员很方便的对特定的目的基因进行突变、修复或替换等操作，从而为生物学研究及医学治疗领域带来革命性的变化。本文就有代表性的基因编辑技术的种类、原理及其研究进展进行了综述，并对它们各自的特点及应用前景和值得进一步研究的问题进行了探讨。
Fast development of gene editing technologies provides more powerful tools for gene function analysis. Now researchers can easily manipulate targeted gene with the Zinc Finger Nuclease (FZN), Transcription Activation Like Effector Nuclease (TALEN) and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR) technologies emerged in the last decade. These technologies revolutionized gene functional analysis and medical treatment. In this review, several typical gene editing technologies were listed, and their principles, characteristics and application were discussed.

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