不安全型依恋个体的情绪调节差异
The Different Emotion Regulation in Insecurity Attachment

DOI: 10.12677/AP.2015.56051, PP. 393-401

Keywords: 焦虑型，回避型，情绪调节，情绪调节有效性
Attachment Anxiety, Attachment Avoidance, Emotion Regulation, Emotion Regulating Effectiveness

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Abstract:

依恋类型会影响对情绪信息的加工和情绪调节，回避型依恋早期注意选择时会对情绪信息进行区别，减少对情绪性信息的注意，惯常使用抑制调节策略，认知重评策略会增加杏仁核左侧的激活，表明认知重评是低效的。而焦虑型早期信息加工时并未对情绪性信息表现出选择性差异，表现为持续注意和高唤醒，并唤醒依恋相关的记忆加强对情绪信息的表征，且在社会负性情景下时杏仁核右侧高度激活，即在情绪信息上分配较多注意资源。情绪调节时会同时使用认知重评和反应抑制，但具体机制仍需深入。未来研究应从情绪调节的过程上具体探索不安全型依恋在不同阶段的情绪调节策略，并从纵向上探索情绪调节的差异以及深入研究依恋的一侧化，来扩展不同依恋风格的差异。
Adult attachment style refers to individual differences in the way people process and regulate their emotion. Avoidantly attached people tend to deal with emotion by decreasing attention to emotion information and then inhibition behavior or expressive suppression, while they use re- appraisal strategy for the same stimuli, the left amygdala activity is increasing. These results suggest that avoidant attachment style may imply less efficient reappraisal strategy. Conversely, anxiously attached people tend to intensify attention to emotion (both negative and positive) information and increase right amygdala activity in unpleasant social stimuli, which suggestive of increase emotional arousal and vigilance to social negative information. Further research is needed to explore the different stage of regulation strategy in different attachment style, and the hemispheric asymmetry in the context of attachment.

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