In this paper, presentation of specific features of TEC behaviour as a possible
precursor of Orkney earthquake of August 5th, 2014 (M5.5) was made. To achieve this,
TEC data from Suth station and GIM TEC maps were used. The period understudied (prior
to and after the earthquake) experienced quiet geomagnetic situation which made
the analysis much easier. A characteristic anomaly was noticed from 4 days before
the earthquake and it was found out that the day-time TEC increases significantly and consistently relative to the background
condition up to the day before the earthquake. To reveal the spatial dimensions
of seismo-ionospheric anomaly longitudinally, the maps from IONEX database were
used. The ionosphere, experiencing a modification as an increase of electron concentration
over a large area, was revealed.
Mendillo, M., Huang,
C.L., Pi, X., Rishbeth, H. and Meier, R. (2005) The Global
Ionospheric Asymmetry in Total Electron Content. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial
Physics, 67, 1377-1387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2005.06.021
[3]
Afraimovich, E.L., Astafyeva, E.I., Oinats, A.V., Yasukevich, Y.V. and Zhivetiev, I.V. (2008) Global Electron
Content: A New Conception to Track Solar Activity. Annales Geophysicae, 26, 335-344. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-26-335-2008
Kakinami, Y., Liu, J.Y., Tsai, L.C. and Oyama, K.-I. (2010) Ionospheric Electron Content Anomalies Detected by a FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC
Empirical Model before and after the Wenchuan Earthquake. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 31, 3571-3578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431161003727788
[6]
Zakharenkova, I.E., Krankowski, A. and Shagimuratov,
I.I. (2006) Modification of the Low-Latitude
21 Ionosphere before December 26, 2004 Indonesian Earthquake. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 6, 817-823. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-6-817-2006
[7]
Zakharenkova,
I.E., Shagimuratov, I.I., Tepenitzina, N.Yu. and Krankowski, A. (2008) Anomalous Modification of the Ionospheric
Total Electron Content Prior to the September 26, 2005 Peru Earthquake. Journal of Atmospheric
and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 70, 1919-1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2008.06.003
[8]
Astafyeva, E.I., Afraimovich, E.L., Oinats, A.V., Yasukevich, Y.V. and Zhivetiev, I.V. (2008) Dynamics of Global
Electron Content in 1998-2005 Derived from Global GPS Data and IRI Modeling. Advances in Space Research, 42, 763-769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2007.11.007
[9]
Zhao,
B., Wang, M. and Yu, T. (2008) Is an Unusual Large Enhancement of Ionospheric
Electron Density Linked with the 2008 Great Wenchuan Earthquake? Journal of Geophysical
Research A, 113, Article ID: A11304,
p. 6.
[10]
Liu, L., Zhao, B., Wan, W., Ning, B., Zhang,
M.L. and He, M. (2009) Seasonal Variations of the Ionospheric Electron Densities
Retrieved from Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate
Mission adio Occultation Measurements. Journal of
Geophysical Research, 114, A02302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013819
[11]
Yu, T., Wan, W.X., Liu, L.B. and Zhao, B.Q. (2004) Global Scale Annual and
Semiannual Variations of Daytime NmF2 in the High Solar Activity Years. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 66, 1691-1701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2003.09.018
[12]
Pulinets,
S.A., Bondur, V.G., Tsidilina, M.N. and Gaponova, M.V. (2010) Verification of the
Concept of Seismoionospheric Coupling under Quiet Heliogeomagnetic Conditions, Using
the Wenchuan (China) Earthquake of May 12, 2008, as an Example. Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 50, 231-242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0016793210020118
[13]
Namgaladze, A.A., Klimenko, M.V.,
Klimenko, V.V. and Zakharenkova, I.E. (2009) Physical Mechanism and Mathematical Simulation of Ionosphere
Earthquake Precursors Observed in Total Electron Content. Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 49, 252-262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0016793209020169
[14]
Pulinets, S.A. (2009) Physical
Mechanism of the Vertical Electric Field Generation over Active Tectonic
Faults. Advances in Space Research, 44, 767-773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2009.04.038
[15]
Liu, J.Y., Chen, Y.I. and
Chen, C.H.,
Liu, C.Y., Chen, C.Y., et al. (2009) Seismoionospheric GPS Total Electron Content
Anomalies Observed before the 12 May 2008 Mw7.9
Wenchuan Earthquake. Journal of Geophysical
Research A, 114.
[16]
Liu, J.Y., Tsai, Y.B. and
Ma, K.F. (2006) Precursory Phenomena Associated with the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake
in Taiwan as Identified under the iSTEP Program. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 31,
365-377.
[17]
Xia, C.L., Wang, Q.,
Yu, T., Xu, G.R. and Yang, S.M. (2011) Variations Ionosphere Total Electron Content before Three Strong
Earthquakes in the Qinghai-Tibet Region. Advances
in Space Research, 47, 506-514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2010.09.006
[18]
Kelley, M.C. (1989) The
Earth’s Ionosphere. Elsevier Press,Amsterdam, 487 p.
[19]
Fujinawa,
Y. and Takahashi, K. (1990) Emission of Electromagnetic
Radiation Preceding the Ito Seismic Swarm of 1989. Nature, 347, 376-378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/347376a0
[20]
Pulinets,
S.A., Boyarchuk, K.A., Hegai, V.V., Kim, V.P. and Lomonosov, A.M. (2000) Quasi-Electrostatic Model of Atmosphere-Thermosphere-Ionosphere Coupling. Advances in Space Research, 26, 1209-1218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1177(99)01223-5
[21]
Liu J.Y., Chen, Y.I. and Chen, C.H. (2009) Seismoionospheric GPS Total
Electron Content Anomalies Observed before the 12 May 2008 Mw7.9 Wenchuan Earthquake. Journal of Geophysical
Research A, 114, Article ID: A04320.
[22]
Liu,
J.Y., Chen, Y.I., Chuo, Y.J. and Tsai, H.F. (2001) Variations
of Ionospheric Total Content during the Chi-Chi Earthquake. Geophysical Research Letters, 28, 1381-1386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000GL012511
[23]
Liu, J.Y., Tsai, Y.B. and
Ma, K.F. (2006) Precursory Phenomena Associated with the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake
in Taiwan as Identified under the iSTEP Program. Physics
and Chemistry of the Earth, 31, 365-377.
