An Improved HPLC-DAD Method for Quantitative Comparisons of Triterpenes in Ganoderma lucidum and Its Five Related Species Originating from Vietnam

An HPLC-DAD method for the quality control of wild and cultivated Ganoderma lucidum (Linhzhi) and related species samples was developed and validated. The quantitative determination of G. lucidum and its related species using 14 triterpene constituents, including nine ganoderma acids (compounds 4– 12), four alcohols (compounds 13– 16), and one sterol (ergosterol, 17) were reported. The standard curves were linear over the concentration range of 7.5–180 μg/mL. The LOD and LOQ values for the analyses varied from 0.34 to 1.41 μg/mL and from 1.01 to 4.23 μg/mL, respectively. The percentage recovery of each reference compound was found to be from 97.09% to 100.79%, and the RSD (%) was less than 2.35%. The precision and accuracy ranged from 0.81%–3.20% and 95.38%–102.19% for intra-day, and from 0.43%–3.67% and 96.63%–103.09% for inter-day, respectively. The study disclosed in detail significant differences between the quantities of analyzed compounds in different samples. The total triterpenes in wild Linhzhi samples were significantly higher than in cultivated ones. The total constituent contents of the five related Linhzhi samples were considerably lower than that in the G. lucidum specimens, except for G. australe as its constituent content outweighed wild Linhzhi’s content by 4:1.