黑龙江干流洪水背景下中俄水情交流的影响因素分析
Influence Factor Analysis of China and Russia’s Hydrological Communication under the Background of Heilongjiang Main Stream Flood

DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2015.41003, PP. 17-23

Keywords: 洪水，水情交流，影响因素，黑龙江，干流，中国，俄罗斯
Flood, Hydrological Communication, Influence Factor, Heilongjiang, Main Stream, China, Russia

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Abstract:

作为中俄界河的黑龙江在历史上曾经发生过多次洪水，中俄两国也逐渐意识到水情交流的必要性。中俄两国在黑龙江干流洪水背景下进行水情交流的过程中必然会受到各种影响因素的制约，因此对其进行分析尤为必要。首先将各项影响因素识别为交流信息因素、交流意愿因素和交流细节因素，并以2013年黑龙江干流洪水背景下的中俄水情交流为例对各项影响因素依次进行分析。在交流信息因素方面，中俄两国相互通报各自14个测站的水情信息。在交流意愿因素方面，中俄两国从国际法的角度入手，以双方各自与双方之间的法律法规为依据开展水情交流。在交流细节因素方面，中俄两国通过网络、遥感等多种形式交流地理、灾情等不同内容的水情信息。最后对中俄两国实现水情交流信息机制进行探讨，并提出建议。
Heilongjiang, as the border river between China and Russia, has experienced many floods in history. Both China and Russia have gradually realized the necessity of hydrological communication. China and Russia’s hydrological communication under the background of Heilongjiang main stream flood must be influenced by every influence factor, so it is particularly necessary to analyze these influence factors. This passage firstly identifies every influence factor as communicative information factor, communicative will factor and communicative detail factor, then analyzes every influence factor by taking China and Russia’s hydrological communication under the background of Heilongjiang main stream flood in 2013 as an example. On the aspect of communicative information factor, both China and Russia notify their respective 14 stations’ hydrological information with each other. On the aspect of communicative will factor, both China and Russia carry out hydrological communication on the basis of their respective laws and rules from the perspective of international law. On the aspect of communicative detail factor, both China and Russia communicate different contents of hydrological information such as geography, disaster and so on via network, remote sensing and many other various forms. Finally, this passage carries on the discussion to the realization of China and Russia’s hydrological communication information mechanism and puts forward suggestion.

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