全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

A Study of the Uptake of Heavy Metals by Plants near Metal-Scrap Dumpsite in Zaria, Nigeria

DOI: 10.1155/2014/394650

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

The research work investigates the metal uptake of the plants Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato), Rumex acetosa (sorrel), and Solanum melongena (garden egg) collected from experimental sites and a control area in Zaria, Nigeria. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, and Zn in different parts of each of the plant species grown on the experimental and control soils were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The experimental levels of the metals were higher than those at the control site and the limits recommended by Food and Agricultural Organisation/World Health Organisation (FAO/WHO). Solanum melongena showed bioaccumulation factor (BF) and transfer factor (TF) greater than 1 for Cd, Pb, and Mn; Rumex acetosa showed BF and TF greater than 1 for Mn and Zn, and TF was greater than 1 for Cu and Fe; Lycopersicon esculentum had only the TF for Fe, Pb, Mn, and Zn greater than 1. This results implies that Solanum melongena and Rumex acetosa plants can be effectively used for phytoremediation of Cd, Pb, Mn, and Zn from the dumpsite. Pearson’s correlation coefficient values were greater than 0.75 for all the metals studied which indicated that the high metal level in the experimental soil was a result of the metal-scrap. 1. Introduction Heavy metals constitute a group of metals and metalloids with atomic density greater than 4?g/cm3 or 5 times or more greater than water [1]. The toxicity of heavy metals is a problem of increasing significance for ecological, nutritional, and environmental reasons. It is evident that, among others, manufacturing activities involving the disposal of metal containing materials into the biosphere may soon trigger a silent epidemic of environmental metal poisoning [2]. Toxic metals cannot be biodegraded. They have long half-life in the environment and biological system; hence, they pose an environmental problem [3, 4]. Despite the best attempts at waste avoidance, reduction, reuse, and recovery, landfill and disposal of metal still constitute a principal focus by environmental scientist. It has been observed that the larger the urban area, the lower the quality of the environment. So solid waste disposal and management have reached a critical stage in major towns and cities of Nigeria [5]. Environmental restoration of metal-polluted soils using a plant-based technology has attracted increasing interest in the last two decades. Phytoremediation has been developed as a cost effective and environmentally friendly remediation method of contaminated soils. It is an economically attractive approach to decontaminate soils

References

[1]  P. C. Nagajyoti, K. D. Lee, and T. V. M. Sreekanth, “Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants: a review,” Environmental Chemistry Letters, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 199–216, 2010.
[2]  V. O. Ajibola and I. I. Funtua, “Status of lead and sulphate contamination in soil around some battery-charging areas of Zaria,” Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 3108–3117, 2001.
[3]  E. Pehlivan, A. M. ?zkan, S. Din?, and ?. Parlayici, “Adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ion on dolomite powder,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 167, no. 1-3, pp. 1044–1049, 2009.
[4]  S. T. Wang and H. P. Demshar, “Determination of blood lead in dried blood-spot specimens by zeeman-effect background corrected atomic absorption spectrometry,” Analyst, vol. 117, no. 6, pp. 959–961, 1992.
[5]  M. Inuwa, F. W. Abdulrahman, U. A. Birnin Yauri, and S. A. Ibrahim, “Analytical assessment of some trace metals in soils around the major industrial areas of Northwestern Nigeria,” Trends in Applied Sciences Research, vol. 2, pp. 515–521, 2007.
[6]  R. L. Chaney, M. Malik, Y. M. Li et al., “Phytoremediation of soil metals,” Current Opinion in Biotechnology, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 279–284, 1997.
[7]  J. W. Huang, J. Chen, W. R. Berti, and S. D. Cunningham, “Phytoremediadon of lead-contaminated soils: role of synthetic chelates in lead phytoextraction,” Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 800–805, 1997.
[8]  D. E. Salt, R. D. Smith, and I. Raskin, “Phytoremediation,” Annual Review of Plant Biology, vol. 49, pp. 643–668, 1998.
[9]  R. D. Raskin and A. J. M. Baker, “Metal-accumulating plants,” in Phytoremediation of Toxic Metals: Using Plants to Clean Up the Environment, L. Raskin and B. D. Raskin, Eds., pp. 193–229, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA, 1999.
[10]  W. H. O. Ernst, “Evolution of metal hyperaccumulation and phytoremediation hype,” New Phytologist, vol. 146, no. 3, pp. 357–358, 2000.
[11]  B. Kos, H. Greman, and D. Lestan, “Phytoextraction of lead, zinc and cadmium from soil by selected plants,” Plant, Soil and Environment, vol. 49, no. 12, pp. 548–553, 2003.
[12]  A. Smical, V. Hotea, V. Oros, J. Juhasz, and E. Pop, “Studies on transfer and bioaccumulation of heavy metals from soil into lettuce,” Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 609–615, 2008.
[13]  M. M. Lasat, “Phytoextraction of metals from contaminated soils: a review of plant/soil/metal interaction and assessment of pertinent and agronomic issues,” Journal of Hazardous Substance Research, vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 1–25, 2000.
[14]  K. Suruchi and K. Pankaj, “Assessment of heavy metal contamination in different vegetables grown in and around urban areas,” Research Journal of Environmental Toxicology, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 162–172, 2011.
[15]  L. Nuonom, M. Yemefack, M. Techienkwa, and R. Njongang, “Impact of natural fallow duration on Cameron,” Nigerian Journal of Soil Research, vol. 3, pp. 52–57, 2000.
[16]  G. C. Kisku, S. C. Barman, and S. K. Bhargava, “Contamination of soil and plants with potentially toxic elements irrigated with mixed industrial effluent and its impact on the environment,” Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, vol. 120, no. 1-2, pp. 121–137, 2000.
[17]  Y. Sun, Q. Zhou, Y. Xu, L. Wang, and X. Liang, “The role of EDTA on Cadmium phytoextraction in a Cadmium-hyperaccumulator Rorippa globosa,” Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 45–51, 2011.
[18]  R. L. Chaney, C. E. Green, E. Filcheva, and S. L. Brown, “Effect of iron, manganese, and zinc-enriched biosolids compost on uptake of cadmium by lettuce from cadmium-contaminated soils,” in Sewage Sludge: Land Utilization and the Environment, C. E. Clap, W. E. Larson, and R. H. Dowdy, Eds., pp. 205–207, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wis, USA, 1994.
[19]  F. J. Zhao, R. E. Hamon, and M. J. McLaughlin, “Root exudates of the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens do not enhance metal mobilization,” New Phytologist, vol. 151, no. 3, pp. 613–620, 2001.
[20]  M. N. V. Prasad, “Phytoremediation of metal-polluted ecosystems: hype for commercialization,” Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 686–700, 2003.
[21]  K. Mukut and D. Arundhuti, “Uptake of metals by four commonly available plants species collected from crude oil contaminated sites at Lakowa oil field,” International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 121–134, 2012.
[22]  S. Stefan and B. Todor, “Heavy metal accumulation in Solanaceae-plants grown at contaminated area,” in Proceedings of the Balkan Scientific Conference of Biology, pp. 452–460, Povdiv, Bulgaria, 2005.
[23]  T. Bulent and M. O. Kubilay, Heavy Metals Accumulation in the Eggplant (Solanum melongena), Environmental Pollution and Control Department, Antalya, Turkey, 2007.
[24]  R. B. Corey, R. Fujii, and L. L. Hendickson, “Bioavailability of heavy metal in soil-sluge systems,” in Proceedings of the 4th Annual Madison Conference, University of Wisconsin, 1981.
[25]  S. A. Barber, Soil Nutrient Bioavailability, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA, 1984.
[26]  FAO/WHO, Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and Contaminants, vol. 859, Technical Report Series, 1995.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133