Nanotopographical features are found to have
significant effects on bone behavior. In the present study, nanoporous aluminas with different pore sizes (20, 100 and 200nm in diameter), were evaluated for their osteoinductive and drug
eluting properties. W20-17 marrow stromal cells were seeded on nanoporous
alumina with and without the addition of BMP-2. Although cell proliferation was
not affected by pore size, osteogenic differentiation was 200nm as compared to 20 and 100nm pores induced higher alkaline phosphatase
activity (ALP) and osteocalcin expression levels, thus indicating osteoblastic
differentiation. Cell morphology revealedthat cells cultured on 20nm pores adopted a rounded shape, while larger
pores (200nm) elicited an elongated morphology. Furthermore, ALP expression levels were
consistently higher on BMP-2 loaded nanoporous alumina surfaces compared to
unloaded surfaces, indicating that not only is nanoporous alumina
osteoinductive, but also has the potential to be used as a drug eluting bone-implant
coating.
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